Table 2.

Randomized controlled trials to prevent bone loss in GnRH agonist–treated men with prostate cancer

Study	n	Arms	Results	Treatment effect at 12 mo (95% CI)
Smith et al. (7)	47	Pamidronate vs no pamidronate	Pamidronate increased BMD of hip and spine	Lumbar spine: 3.8% (1.8–5.7%) Total hip: 2.0% (0.7–3.4%)
Diamond et al. (37)	21	Pamidronate vs placebo	Pamidronate increased BMD of hip and spine	Not reported
Smith et al. (22)	106	Zoledronic acid vs placebo	Zoledronic acid increased BMD of hip and spine	Lumbar spine: 7.3% (5.3–8.8%) Total hip: 3.9% (2.4–5.0%)
Smith et al. (23)	48	Raloxifene vs no raloxifene	Raloxifene increase BMD of hip	Lumbar spine: 2.0% (−0.2–4.0%) Total hip: 3.7% (2.0–5.4%)
Steiner (44)	46	Toremifene vs placebo	Toremifene increased BMD of hip and spine	Not reported