Table 4. Association Between Measures of Adiposity and Risk of Incident Type 2 Diabetes by Age Group, the Cardiovascular Health Study, 1989-2007.

Adiposity Measure	Patient Age Group by Tertile						P Value Interactiona
	<75 y (n = 2840)			≥75 y (n = 1353)
	1	2	3	1	2	3
BMIb
No. person-years of follow-up	10 466	12 377	12 238	4878	4027	3469	.005
No. cases type 2 diabetes	36	66	168	17	28	24
HR (95% CI)c	1.0	1.6 (1.1-2.4)	4.0 (2.8-5.7)	1.0	2.0 (1.1-3.6)	1.9 (1.0-3.6)
BMI at 50 years of aged
No. person-years of follow-up	11 893	12 097	11 092	4388	4080	3906	.02
No. cases type 2 diabetes	49	77	144	25	17	27
HR (95% CI)c	1.0	1.5 (1.1-2.2)	3.0 (2.2-4.2)	1.0	0.8 (0.4-1.5)	1.3 (0.7-2.3)
Weighte
No. person-years of follow-up	9902	12 078	13 101	5252	4188	2933	.08
No. cases type 2 diabetes	40	61	169	25	21	23
HR (95% CI)c	1.0	1.3 (0.8-1.9)	3.2 (2.3-4.5)	1.0	1.1 (0.6-1.9)	1.5 (0.9-2.7)
Fat massf
No. person-years of follow-up	10 164	12 254	12 664	5025	4270	3079	<.001
No. cases type 2 diabetes	38	68	164	20	32	17
HR (95% CI)c	1.0	1.5 (1.0-2.3)	3.5 (2.4-4.9)	1.0	1.8 (1.0-3.2)	1.3 (0.7-2.5)
Waistg
No. person-years of follow-up	11 706	11 758	11 617	4716	3911	3747	.07
No. cases Type 2 diabetes	43	77	150	21	21	27
HR (95% CI)c	1.0	1.7 (1.2-2.5)	3.5 (2.5-4.9)	1.0	1.2 (0.7-2.3)	1.6 (0.9-2.9)
Waist-hip ratioh
No. person-years of follow-up	12 497	11 601	10 983	4052	4290	4031	.11
No. cases type 2 diabetes	59	94	117	22	21	26
HR (95% CI)c	1.0	1.8 (1.3-2.4)	2.3 (1.7-3.1)	1.0	0.9 (0.5-1.7)	1.3 (.7-2.3)
Waist-height ratioi
No. person-years follow-up	12 210	11 622	11 249	4190	4240	3944	.06
No. cases type 2 diabetes	43	75	152	19	20	30
HR (95% CI)c	1.0	1.8 (1.2-2.6)	3.8 (2.7-5.4)	1.0	1.1 (0.6-2.1)	1.7 (1.0-3.1)

Abbreviations: BMI, body mass index; CI, confidence interval; HR, harzard ratio.

^aP value for interaction compares participants younger than 75 years of age with participants 75 years of age or older.

^bBMI is calculated as weight in kilograms divided by height in meters squared. Cut points for BMI are: women, 23.8, 27.5; men, 24.5, 27.3.

^cAll hazard ratios are adjusted for sex, race (African American, non-African American), current smoking (yes, no), physical activity (continuous), diet score (upper 2 quintiles vs lower 3), and alcohol consumption (none, <7 drinks/wk, ≥7 drinks/wk).

^dCut points for BMI at 50 years of age are 22.8 and 25.5 for women; 24.3 and 26.5 for men.

^eCut points for weight (kg) are 59.7 and 70.5 for women; 72.8 and 82.6 for men.

^fCut points for fat mass (kg) are 28.3 and 36.9 for women; 25.9 and 33.0 for men.

^gCut points for waist circumference (cm) are 83.5 and 95.4 for women; 92.5 and 100.4 for men.

^hCut points for waist-hip ratio are 0.84 and 0.93 for women; 0.94 and 0.98 for men.

ⁱCut points for waist-height ratio are 0.53 and 0.60 for women; 0.54 and 0.58 for men.