Table 5.
Subgroup analysis according to adherence
| High adherence group (N = 23) | Low adherence group (N = 15) | Control group (N = 21) | p value | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| ≧3 times/week | <3 times/week | ||||||
| Baseline | After 12 weeks | Baseline | After 12 weeks | Baseline | After 12 weeks | ||
| Age (years) | 40.8 ± 12.1 | – | 34.1 ± 14.9 | – | 38.2 ± 14.0 | – | – |
| Years of experience (years) | 7.5 ± 4.9 | – | 7.0 ± 6.1 | – | 4.5 ± 3.3 | – | – |
| VAS of low back pain (10-cm) | 5.0 ± 1.7 | 4.9 ± 2.0 | 3.8 ± 2.3 | 5.1 ± 1.8 | 3.4 ± 2.5 | 4.1 ± 2.5 | 0.068 |
| Weight (kg) | 58.5 ± 13.0 | 58.1 ± 12.0 | 56.6 ± 12.6 | 55.8 ± 12.3 | 52.9 ± 9.9 | 53.2 ± 9.8 | 0.146 |
| BMI | 23.0 ± 4.3 | 22.9 ± 3.9 | 22.7 ± 5.0 | 22.4 ± 5.0 | 21.6 ± 3.6 | 21.7 ± 3.6 | 0.156 |
| Grip force (kg) | 27.9 ± 4.6 | 28.2 ± 4.4 | 29.2 ± 4.7 | 26.8 ± 4.7 | 25.2 ± 4.4 | 24.9 ± 4.8 | 0.054 |
| Sitting trunk flexion test (cm) | 36.0 ± 9.5 | 38.8 ± 8.8 | 36.3 ± 8.1 | 36.9 ± 10.0 | 33.8 ± 8.2 | 34.6 ± 10.0 | 0.464 |
| FFD (touch the floor with fingers) | 20 (87.0%) | 18 (78.3%) | 11 (73.3%) | 12 (80.0%) | 16 (76.2%) | 18 (85.7%) | 0.183 |
| Self-assessment of depression (scores) | 16.5 ± 5.4 | 14.1 ± 5.2 | 17.9 ± 7.1 | 15.5 ± 8.4 | 16.4 ± 7.8 | 15.8 ± 11.1 | 0.710 |
| Scores based on SF-8 | |||||||
| Physical fitness score (scores) | 46.3 ± 5.7 | 32.3 ± 12.6 | 46.4 ± 4.8 | 32.8 ± 10.5 | 47.8 ± 7.3 | 32.3 ± 9.8 | 0.912 |
| Psychological fitness score (scores) | 47.5 ± 6.0 | 38.7 ± 7.5 | 45.4 ± 7.2 | 36.6 ± 10.3 | 45.8 ± 6.9 | 41.1 ± 9.0 | 0.503 |
Continuous variables are shown as means ± standard deviation. Categorical variables are shown as frequency (%)
The Kruskal–Wallis test was adapted for FFD data to test the difference in 3-month change between the groups
Differences in 3-month change between the groups for the other variables were tested by repeated two-way ANOVA