Fig. 1.

Progressive accumulation of activated astrocytes in Gfap-Ccm3 animals. (A–F) Gfap mRNA detected with in situ hybridization is progressively increased in Gfap-Ccm3 mutants (D–F) compared with control littermates (A–C). Results are representative of multiple (>50) paired observations at P7, P10, P25, and additional developmental stages. (G and H) Morphology of cortical astrocytes in control (G) and Gfap-Ccm3 (H) animals (10 mo) revealed with immunohistochemistry with GFAP. Results are representative of multiple (>10) paired observations at various developmental stages. (Scale bars: A–F, 0.5 mm; G and H, 20 μm.)