Figure 7.

Proposed mechanism of gene regulation in response to extracellular and intracellular dsRNA stimulation. TLR3-mediated extracellular dsRNA signaling pathway activates IFNB and inflammatory genes through NF-kB RELA but the subsequent activation of RELA by secondary signals is inhibited by RELB (left panel). On the other hand, secondary signals induced by the activation of NF-kB RELA in the intracellular dsRNA signaling pathway are not inhibited by RELB resulting in a positive feedback loop of RELA activation leading to powerful activation of IFNB and inflammatory genes (right panel).