Table 3.
Distribution of other risk factors for allergic diseases
| Disease status/Factors | Total N = 5544 (100%) | Probable asthmaa N = 1082 (19.5%) | Allergic rhinitis N = 1360 (24.5%) | Atopic eczema N = 640 (11.5%) | Any disease N = 2196 (39.6%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Father lung disease | 401 (7.2%) | <10−4; 2.33 [1.89–2.86] | <10−4; 2.22 [1.79–2.70] | <10−4; 1.72 [1.32–2.27] | <10−4; 2.35 [1.91–2.89] |
| Mother lung disease | 363 (6.7%) | <10−4; 2.22 [1.75–2.78] | <10−4; 2.13 [1.69–2.63] | <10−4; 2.27 [1.75–2.94] | <10−4 ; 2.64 [2.12–2.29] |
| Smoking mother | 1899 (35.1%) | <10−4; 1.43 [1.23–1.64] | 0.004; 1.20 [1.06–1.37] | 0.13; 1.14 [0.96–1.35] | <10−4; 1.28 [1.14–1.49] |
| Smoking father | 2848 (53.0%) | <10−4; 1.30 [1.14–1.50] | <10−4; 1.32 [1.16–1.49] | 0.34; 1.09 [0.92–1.28] | <10−4; 1.29 [1.15–1.44] |
| Infant gastroesophageal reflux | 588 (10.9%) | <10−4; 2.13 [1.75–2.56] | 0.36; 0.93 [0.79–1.09] | 0.60; 0.94 [1.16–0.77] | <10−4; 2.65 [2.22–3.16] |
| Recurrent otitis | 1196 (21.9%) | <10−4; 2.38 [2.08–2.78] | <10−4; 2.27 [1.89–2.70] | <10−4; 2.17 [1.72–2.70] | <10−4; 2.42 [2.12–2.75] |
| Amygdalectomy | 308 (5.6%) | <10−4; 1.90 [1.47–2.44] | <10−4; 2.00 [1.75–2.33] | <10−4; 2.38 [2.00–2.86] | <10−4; 1.88 [1.49–2.36] |
| Heart problem | 85 (1.6%) | <10−4; 4.60 [2.99–7.07] | <10−4; 1.77 [1.39–2.25] | 0.24; 1.22 [0.87–1.71] | <10−4; 3.17 [2.01–5.00] |
| Measles | 1240 (23.4%) | 0.16; 1.12 [0.96–1.31] | <10−4; 2.40 [1.56–3.70] | 0.002; 2.25 [1.34–3.77] | 0.007; 1.19 [1.05–1.36] |
| Pertussis | 209 (3.9%) | <10−4; 3.39 [2.56–4.50] | 0.005; 1.23 [1.06–1.42] | 0.01; 1.28 [1.06–1.55] | <10−4; 3.22 [2.41–4.32] |
| Breastfeeding | 4472 (81.3%) | 0.78; 1.02[0.86–1.22] | <10−4; 2.51 [1.90–3.33] | <10−4; 2.28 [1.62–3.20] | 0.51; 0.98 [0.83–1.10] |
| Moquette in Bedroom | 1778 (32.4%) | <10−4; 1.33 [1.54–1.16] | 0.001; 1.25 [1.10–1.43] | 0.02; 1.22 [1.03–1.45] | <10−4; 1.34 [1.20–1.51] |
| Humidity on bedroom walls | 921 (16.8%) | <10−4; 1.79 [1,52–2.08] | <10−4; 1.56 [1.35–1.82] | <10−4; 1.54 [1.27–1.89] | <10−4; 1.81 [2.09–1.57] |
| Animal possession | 1046 (18.9%) | <10−4; 1.57 [1.34–1.84] | 0.005; 1.24 [1.07–1.45] | 0.02; 1.27 [1.04–1.55] | <10−4; 1.43 [1.25–1.64] |
| Spongy pillow | 619 (11.4%) | 0.08; 1.20 [0.98–1.47] | <10−4; 1.39 [1.16–1.67] | <10−4; 1.61 [1.28–2.04] | <10−4; 1.45 [1.71–1.22] |
| Feather pilow | 536 (9.9%) | 0.34; 0.89 [0.71–1.12] | 0.35; 1.10 [0.90–1.35] | 0.68; 0.94 [0.71–1.25] | 0.54; 0.97 [0.86–1.08] |
| Cotton pilow | 3720 (68.4%) | 0.25; 0.92 [0.79–1.06] | 0.03; 0.86 [0.76–0.98] | 0.001; 0.75 [0.63–1.14] | 0.009; 0.86 [0.76–0.96] |
| Wool mattress | 741 (13.8%) | 0.27; 0.89 [0.73–1.09] | 0.43; 1.08 [0.90–1.28] | 0.10; 1.22 [0.96–1.52] | 0.44; 1.04 [0.95–1.14] |
| Cotton mattress | 1367 (25.4%) | 0.63; 1.04 [0.89–1.22] | 0.45; 0.94 [0.82–1.09] | 0.001; 0.69 [0.56–0.85] | 0.09; 0.94 [0.87–1.01] |
| Artificial mattress | 3274 (60.8%) | 0.65; 0.97 [0.84–1.11] | 0.68; 1.03 [0.90–1.16] | 0.01; 1.25 [1.05–1.49] | 0.51; 1.02 [0.96–1.10] |
| Butane heating | 1607 (29.3%) | 0.35; 0.93 [0.80–1.07] | 0.91; 1.01 [0.88–1.15] | 0.01; 0.79 [0.65–0.95] | 0.91; 0.90 [0.80–1.02] |
| Diesel heating | 1292 (23.6%) | 0.04; 0.85 [0.71–0.99] | 0.04; 1.16 [1.01–1.33] | 0.18; 1.14 [0.94–1.37] | 0.66; 0.97 [0.86–1.05] |
| Wood heating | 864 (8.5%) | 0.56; 1.08 [0.85–1.35] | 0.24; 0.88 [0.69–1.10] | 0.53; 1.10 [0.82–1.47] | 0.55; 1.06 [0.87–1.29] |
| Coal heating | 154 (2.8%) | 0.04; 1.47 [1.02–2.13] | 1.00; 1.00 [0.69–1.45] | 0.27; 1.30 [0.82–2.04] | 0.04; 1.40 [1.02–1.93] |
Note:
a
Probable asthma includes asthma-like symptoms with or without physician diagnosis.