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Minimal additive effect of Klotho protein and neutralizing TGF-β1 antibody on mesenchymal marker expression in UUO kidney. UUO mice were treated with Klotho (0.02 mg/kg, intraperitoneal) or TGF-β1 antibody (1.5 mg/kg, intraperitoneal) or both every 48 h. On Day 7, mRNA levels of αSMA and collagen-1 in the right (UUO) and left (Control) kidneys were determined by qPCR. Data indicate means ± S.E. #, p < 0.05 versus mice without treatment by two-tailed t test.
