Table 2.
Treatment Effect (Δ) Comparison Between Controls Dogs and Dogs Treated With Carotid Sinus Baroreflex Activation (CSB)
| Control (n=6) |
CSB Activation (n=8) |
Wilcoxon P- value |
|
|---|---|---|---|
| ΔHR (BPM) | 5 ± 6 | 0 ± 6 | 0.154 |
| ΔmAoP (mmHg) | 13 ± 18 | −2 ± 15 | 0.106 |
| ΔLVEDP (mmHg) | 2 ± 4 | −4 ± 3 | 0.008 |
| ΔCO (L/min) | 0.00 ± 0.14 | 0.23 ± 0.23 | 0.045 |
| ΔSV (ml) | −1.2 ± 1.6 | 3.1 ± 2.2 | 0.003 |
| ΔLVEF (%) | −2.8 ± 1.0 | 4.0 ± 2.4 | 0.002 |
| ΔLV EDV (ml) | 5.5 ± 3.5 | 0.6 ± 2.9 | 0.016 |
| ΔLV ESV (ml) | 6.7 ± 2.9 | −2.5 ± 2.7 | 0.002 |
| ΔLV ESSI | −0.05 ± 0.05 | 0.03 ± 0.04 | 0.012 |
| ΔLV EDSI | −0.07 ± 0.06 | 0.02 ± 0.04 | 0.014 |
| ΔDT (msec) | −5.7 ± 5.1 | 10.6 ± 14.6 | 0.070 |
| ΔPE/PA | −0.12 ± 0.11 | 0.29 ± 0.44 | 0.010 |
| ΔLV EDWS (g/cm2) | 11.2 ± 9.8 | −11.0 ± 11.0 | 0.005 |
| ΔMR (%) | 5.1 ± 4.7 | −4.1 ± 4.8 | 0.007 |
| ΔPNE (pg/ml) | 70 ± 125 | −121 ± 108 | 0.012 |
HR = heart rate; mAoP = mean aortic pressure; LVEDP = left ventricular (LV) end-diastolic pressure; CO = cardiac output; SV = stroke volume; LVEF = LV ejection fraction from ventriculograms; EDV = end-diastolic volume from ventriculograms; ESV = end-systolic volume from ventriculograms; ESSI = end-systolic sphericity index from ventriculograms; EDSI = end-diastolic sphericity index from ventriculograms; DT = early mitral inflow deceleration time; PE/PA = ratio of peak mitral flow velocity in early diastole (PE) and peak mitral inflow velocity during left atrial contraction (PA); EDWS = circumferential end-diastolic wall stress; MR = functional mitral regurgitation; PNE = plasma norepinephrine.