Figure 3.

How the rates of environmental change and copying error affect the amount and evenness of expressed behaviour when effective strategies are present. Plots (a,b) show the proportion of the 100 possible behaviour patterns being used (i.e. by playing EXPLOIT) in mixed-strategy populations running under the random melee tournament conditions, as a function of (a) the rate of environmental change, and (b) the standard deviation of error in the estimated payoff of a behaviour learned socially (i.e. by OBSERVE). Plots (c,d) show the evenness of the distribution of behaviour patterns being used, in the same populations, as a function of (c) the rate of environmental change, and (d) the standard deviation of error in the estimated payoff of a behaviour learned socially. Each point represents the average value across all iterations for a single 10 000 iteration simulation run.