Table 2. Inducible genetic fate mapping experiments in mice with implication to adult stem biology.

Direct analysis
Organ	Promoter	Expression pattern	Downstream lineages/implications	Longevity	Reference
Adipose tissue	Pparγ	Adipose vasculature	Adipocytes	30 days	Tang et al, 2008
Blood	Foxp3	Foxp3+ TREG cells	Only FOXP3+ Treg cells	8 months	Rubtsov et al, 2010
Brain	Gli1	SVZ and DG	Neurons, oligodendrocytes, astrocytes	1 year	Ahn & Joyner, 2005
	Nestin	SVZ and DG	Neurons, astrocytes	2 months	Lagace et al, 2007
Colon	Lgr5	Base of colonic crypts	Complete colonic epithelium	14 months	Barker et al, 2007
Incisor	Gli1	Proximal ameloblasts	Ameloblasts, str. intermedium, stel. reticulum	15 months	Seidel et al, 2010
Intestine	Lgr5	CBCs	Complete intestinal epithelium	14 months	Barker et al, 2007
	Bmi1	'+4' cells	Complete intestinal epithelium	9 months	Sangiorgi et al, 2008
	Prom1	CBCs	Presence of complete epithelium	2 months	Zhu et al, 2009
	Prom1	CBCs and early progenitors	Occasional complete epithelium	>2 months	Snippert et al, 2009
	Sox9	CBCs, Paneth cells and early prog.	Presence of complete epithelium	12 months	Furuyama et al, 2010
Liver	Sox9	SOX9+ prog. in biliary duct	Biliary ducts and hepatocytes	12 months	Furuyama et al, 2010
Lung/trachea	Scgb1a1	Clara cells, putative BASCs	Bronchiole; Clara cells, BASCs and ciliated cells	1 year	Rawlins et al, 2009
	Krt5	Basal cells	Basal cells, Clara cells and ciliated cells	15 weeks	Rock et al, 2009
Muscle	Pax7	Satellite cells	Myofibres + satellite cells, including 2 × injury	23 days	Lepper et al, 2009
Pancreas	Insulin (RIP)	β-cells	Only β-cell lineage	1 year	Dor et al, 2004
	Elastase	Acinar cells	Only acinar cell lineage	6 weeks	Desai et al, 2007
	Caii	Ductal cells	Ducts and acinar cells	3 weeks	Inada et al, 2008
	Bmi1	Acinar cells	Only acinar cells	1 year	Sangiorgi et al, 2009
	Hnf1β	HNF1β+ duct/centroacinar cells	Ducts and centroacinar cells	6 months	Solar et al, 2009
	Sox9	SOX9+ duct/centroacinar cells	Ducts, centroacinar and acinar cells	12 months	Furuyama et al, 2010
Prostate	Nkx3-1	Luminal (CARNs)	Luminal, occasionally basal after injury	10 months	Wang et al, 2009
Skin	K15	HF bulge	Predominantly HF, occasionally SG and IFE	1 month	Morris et al, 2004
	Lgr5	HF germ, lower bulge	HF	14 months	Jaks et al, 2008
	Lgr6	HF central isthmus	Predominantly SG and IFE, occasionally HF	12 months	Snippert et al, 2010a
Stomach	Lgr5	Base of pyloric glands	Complete stomach epithelium	20 months	Barker et al, 2010
Testis	Ngn3	Undif. spermatogonia Aal	Differentiated spermatogonia	14 months	Nakagawa et al, 2007
	Nanos2	Undif. spermatogonia As and Apr	Differentiated spermatogonia	5 months	Sada et al, 2009
Indirect analysis
Intestine	v	Epithelial cells, except Paneth cells	Neutral drift dynamics in intestinal self-renewal	12 months	Lopez-Garcia et al, 2010
	Cyp1a1	Epithelial cells, except Paneth cells	Neutral drift dynamics in intestinal self-renewal	7 months	Snippert et al, 2010b
	Lgr5	CBCs at entire crypt base	ISCs divide symmetrically	2 weeks	Snippert et al, 2010b
Skin/tail	Cyp1a1	Basal cells of tail epidermis	Homeostasis involves one progenitor cell type	12 months	Clayton et al, 2007
Skin/back	K14	Epithelial cells	HF upper isthmus clones, including SG and IFE	nd	Jensen et al, 2009
Skin/ear	Cyp1a1	Basal cells of ear epidermis	Homeostasis involves one progenitor cell type	12 months	Doupe et al, 2010
Testis	Ngn3/Nanos2	Undif. spermatogonia As, Apr and Aal	Stochastic turnover germ-line stem cells	14 months	Klein et al, 2010

BASC, bronchioalveolar stem cells; CARN, castration-resistant Nkx3-1-expressing cells; CBC, crypt base columnar; DG, dentate gyrus; HF, hair follicle, IFE, interfollicular epidermis; ISC, intestinal stem cell; nd, not determined; prog., progenitor; SG, sebaceous gland; str., stratum; stel., stellatum; SVZ, subventricular zone; undif., undifferentiated.