Table 2. Cytokine concentrations and proportional recovery in the first 6 patients.
| Cytokine |
Crystalloid perfusate concentrations |
3.5% HAS perfusate concentrations |
Proportional recovery | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| % Samples recovering cytokine | Median (pg/mL) | % Samples recovering cytokine | Median (pg/mL) | Median (pg/mL) | |
| EGF | 88.6 | 4.17 | 76.3 | 3.00 | 0.83* |
| Eotaxin | 100.0 | 3.48 | 99.0 | 3.49 | 1.12** |
| FGF2 | 94.9 | 5.73 | 99.0 | 5.92 | 1.04 |
| Flt3 lig | 82.4 | 4.22 | 80.4 | 7.13 | 1.42*** |
| Fractalkine | 69.0 | 9.21 | 83.5 | 20.39 | 1.00 |
| G-CSF | 83.5 | 10.82 | 99.0 | 72.83 | 3.80*** |
| GM-CSF | 65.0 | 3.57 | 79.4 | 3.99 | 1.17* |
| GRO | 80.4 | 31.61 | 99.0 | 53.77 | 1.80* |
| IFNα2 | 58.8 | 8.81 | 53.6 | 11.60 | 1.00 |
| IFNγ | 24.7† | 7.61 | 41.2† | 6.07 | 0.72 |
| IL1α | 83.5 | 19.25 | 86.6 | 80.21 | 3.45*** |
| IL1β | 61.9 | 5.75 | 51.6 | 4.27 | 0.92* |
| IL1ra | 97.9 | 90.60 | 99.0 | 73.23 | 1.02 |
| IL2 | 68.0 | 0.89 | 61.9 | 0.94 | 0.95 |
| IL3 | 59.8 | 49.83 | 55.7 | 26.26 | 0.80* |
| IL4 | 40.2† | 2.59 | 21.7† | 0.97 | 0.45** |
| IL5 | 80.4 | 1.16 | 79.4 | 1.17 | 1.00 |
| IL6 | 92.8 | 384.61 | 99.0 | 570.44 | 1.20 |
| IL7 | 40.2† | 12.77 | 56.7 | 6.41 | 0.89 |
| IL8 | 88.7 | 317.59 | 99.0 | 339.09 | 1.12 |
| IL9 | 72.2 | 0.65 | 69.0 | 0.52 | 0.80* |
| IL10 | 66.0 | 2.80 | 95.9 | 6.64 | 2.36*** |
| IL12p40 | 56.7 | 2.45 | 51.6 | 3.91 | 1.13* |
| IL12p70 | 100.0 | 1.48 | 99.0 | 1.43 | 0.95 |
| IL13 | 35.0† | 0.76 | 48.4† | 0.27 | 0.55 |
| IL15 | 70.1 | 1.79 | 60.8 | 2.05 | 1.18* |
| IL17 | 80.4 | 0.93 | 78.4 | 0.89 | 0.97* |
| IP10 | 85.6 | 851.34 | 97.9 | 2834.09 | 3.20*** |
| MCP1 | 81.4 | 2562.55 | 74.2 | 2521.35 | 1.03 |
| MCP3 | 100.0 | 6.69 | 99.0 | 23.01 | 1.40 |
| MDC | 87.6 | 8.71 | 97.9 | 12.45 | 1.50*** |
| MIP1α | 87.6 | 26.94 | 93.8 | 38.10 | 1.79* |
| MIP1β | 99.0 | 35.55 | 99.0 | 66.53 | 2.63* |
| PDGF-AA | 97.9 | 397.15 | 99.0 | 518.75 | 1.72*** |
| PDGF-AAAB | 41.2† | 15.87 | 17.5† | 1.81 | 0.32* |
| RANTES | 66.0 | 49.09 | 84.5 | 22.01 | 0.65 |
| sCD40L | 51.6 | 11.36 | 47.4† | 39.02 | 1.63* |
| sIL2R | 40.2† | 1.66 | 71.1 | 1.53 | 2.07* |
| TGFα | 89.7 | 6.70 | 90.7 | 17.93 | 1.41*** |
| TNF | 73.2 | 0.95 | 96.9 | 1.03 | 1.34*** |
| TNFβ | 45.4† | 1.00 | 46.4† | 0.96 | 0.93 |
| VEGF | 74.2 | 11.89 | 78.4 | 11.89 | 1.00 |
EGF, epidermal growth factor; G-CSF, granulocyte colony-stimulating factor; GM-CSF, granulocyte macrophage colony-stimulating factor; IFN, interferon; IL, interleukin; PR, proportional recovery; TGF, transforming growth factor; TNF, tumour necrosis factor; VEGF, vascular endothelial growth factor; HAS, human albumin solution; FGF2, basic fibroblast growth factor; Flt3 lig, Fms-related tyrosine kinase 3 ligand; IP10, chemokine CXC motif ligand 10; MCP, monocyte chemoattractant protein; MDC, macrophage derived chemoattractant; MIP, monocyte inflammatory protein; PDGF, platelet derived growth factor; sIL2R, soluble interleukin 2 receptor; sCD40L, soluble CD40 ligand.
The % samples recovering cytokine columns show the number of samples in which a given cytokine could be quantified for the two perfusates. The cytokines that could only be quantified in less than half the samples are marked with a †. The median values are shown for each of the two perfusates and the PR values. The Wilcoxon signed rank test (two tailed) was used to determine whether there was a statistical difference between the crystalloid and 3.5% HAS-perfused cytokine concentrations recovered by microdialysis. The stars in the median proportional recovery column indicate the level of significance (*P<0.05, **P<0.001, ***P<0.0001).