Fig. 1.

The Knee Arthroscopy Surgical Trainer (KAST). The “Mentor” screen is on the trainee’s left and the “camera view” is on the right. The trainee is holding the arthroscope and camera in his left hand and a simple probe in the right. Each is attached to a haptic, or force feedback, device that recreates the touch and feel of the instruments interacting with the structures of the knee. Both haptic devices are mounted on a universal joint attached to a surrogate leg that allows the trainee to flex and extend the virtual knee as well as apply varus and valgus forces.