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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2012 Mar 29.
Published in final edited form as: Neurosci Lett. 2011 Jan 25;492(1):23–28. doi: 10.1016/j.neulet.2011.01.045

Figure 1. Memantine and Erythropoietin attenuate cortical brain damage after 90 minutes of severe hypoglycemia.

Figure 1

(A) During a hyperinsulinemic severe hypoglycemic (10–15 mg/dl) clamp, blood glucose was not significantly different between vehicle-treated (n=7; ◆) and memantine-treated (n=8; ◇) rats before, during or after 90 minutes of severe hypoglycemia. (B) Neuronal damage resulting from severe hypoglycemia was quantified using Fluoro-Jade B staining in vehicle treated (black bar) and memantine-treated (lined bar) rats. Treatment with memantine significantly reduced the number of degenerating neurons compared to vehicle-treated animals in the cortex (*p=0.02) but not in the hippocampus (p=NS). (C) During a hyperinsulinemic severe hypoglycemic (10–15 mg/dl) clamp, blood glucose was not significantly different between vehicle-treated (n=10; ■) and erythropoietin-treated (n=11; □) rats before, during or after 90 minutes of severe hypoglycemia. (D) Neuronal damage resulting from severe hypoglycemia was quantified using Fluoro-Jade B staining in vehicle-treated (black bar) and erythropoietin-treated (cross-hatched bar) rats. Treatment with erythropoietin significantly reduced the number of degenerating neurons compared to vehicle-treated animals in the cortex (*p=0.01) but not in the hippocampus (p=NS).