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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2011 Mar 8.
Published in final edited form as: J Card Fail. 2008 May 27;14(6):521–530. doi: 10.1016/j.cardfail.2008.02.016

Table 2.

Summary of Trials Evaluating the Efficacy of Immunoadsorption in Idiopathic Dilated Cardiomyopathy

Trial Study Design Intervention Patient # (Treated/Controls) Baseline Characteristics Follow-up Results
Dorffel, 199759 CS IA for 5 days 9/0 NYHA III/IV, LVEF <25%, positive for B1AR autoantibodies 5 days Improved CO (3.7 ± 0.8 to 5.5 ± 1.8 L/min, P < .01), and decreased MAP (76.0 ± 9.9 to 65.0 ± 11.2 mm Hg, P < .05).
Muller, 200023 CC IA for 5 days 17/17 NYHA II-IV, LVEF <30%, positive for B1AR autoantibodies 12 months Improved LVEF in treatment group (22.3 ± 3.3% to 37.9 ± 7.9%; P = .0001). No change in control group. Levels of B1AR autoantibodies decreased with IA and did not return during follow-up.
Felix, 200060 RCT IA for 3 days with 0.5 g/kg of IgG substitution on day 3, followed by 2 sessions once per month for 3 months 9/9 NYHA III/IV, LVEF <30% 3 months Increased CI in the treatment group (2.3 ± 0.1 L/min/m2 to 3.0 ± 0.3 L/min/m2; P = .01 vs. baseline, P = .05 vs. controls).
Wallukat, 200262 CS Selective removal of B1AR antibodies over 5 days 8/0 LVEF <35%, positive for B1AR autoantibodies 12 months Improved LVEF (28.5 ± 6.1 to 36.6. ± 10.7; P = .002). Levels of B1AR autoantibodies decreased with IA and did not return during follow-up.
Felix,200261 CC IA for 3 days 11/9 NYHA III/IV, LVEF <30% vs. healthy controls 3 days Improved CI (2.2 ± 0.1 to 2.7 ± 0.2 L/min/m2; P < .01).
Mobini, 200336 CS IA for 3 days with 0.5 g/kg of IgG substitution on day 3, followed by 2 sessions once per month for 3 months 22/0 NYHA III-IV, LVEF <30% 3 months No difference in CI and LVEF between B1AR antibody–positive and B1AR antibody–negative patients.
Staudt, 200564 CC IA with improved IgG3 removal vs. normal IA 9/9 NYHA III/IV, LVEF <35% 3 months Greater improvement in LVEF using IA with improved IgG3 removal (24.3 ± 2 to 34.7 ± 4% vs. 21.6 ± 2% to 24.4 ± 2%; P < .05).
Schimke, 200163 CS Selective removal of B1AR antibodies 8/0 Not reported 12 months Significant decrease in oxidative stress and an increase in wall motion velocity and LVEF.
Staudt, 200666 RCT One session of IA vs. 1 session per month for 3 months 11/11 NYHA III/IV, LVEF <35% 6 months Improved LVEF (P < .01), but no difference between groups.
Cooper, 2007 (65) CS IA for 5 days 4/0 NYHA II/III, mean LVEF 34.6 ± 12.3% 6 months Decrease in total IgG and IgG3 (P < .05), but no change in LVEF.

B1AR, beta-1 adrenoreceptor; CC, case control; CI, cardiac index; CO, cardiac output; CS, case series; IA, immunoadsorption; LVEF, left ventricular ejection fraction; MAP, mean arterial pressure; NYHA, New York Heart Association class; RCT, randomized controlled trial; Ig, immunoglobulin.