Table 3.
Primary Outcomes: Dyspnea Intensity and Dyspnea-Related Distress
| |
|
Means ± SD |
|||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Time | Yoga (n = 14) | UC (n = 15) | p-Value | Effect size | |
| Six-minute alk (6MW) | |||||
| DI end | Baseline | 3.8 ± 2.3 | 2.9 ± 1.6 | ||
| 3 mo | 3.8 ± 1.5 | 3.3 ± 2.5 | 0.6 | 0.2 | |
| DD end | Baseline | 2.6 ± 2.8 | 1.1 ± 1.1 | ||
| 3 mo | 1.6 ± 1.7 | 1.4 ± 1.5 | 0.08 | 0.67 | |
| DI Index | Baseline | 3.0 ± 2.0 | 2.0 ± 1.2 | ||
| 3 mo | 3.1 ± 2.6 | 2.3 ± 1.7 | 0.77 | 0.11 | |
| DD Index | Baseline | 2.1 ± 2.4 | 0.8 ± 0.7 | ||
| 3 mo | 1.5 ± 2.3 | 0.2 ± 1.0 | 0.07 | 0.71 | |
| Incremental cycle ergometry | |||||
| DI end | Baseline | 4.5 ± 2.5 | 3.6 ± 2.3 | ||
| 3 mo | 4.4 ± 2.4 | 3.8 ± 1.9 | 0.55 | 0.23 | |
| DD end | Baseline | 3.6 ± 3.3 | 2.8 ± 2.9 | ||
| 3 mo | 3.3 ± 3.2 | 2.8 ± 2.5 | 0.46 | 0.28 | |
| DI/time | Baseline | 0.94 ± 0.34 | 0.90 ± 0.49 | ||
| 3 mo | 0.95 ± 0.52 | 1.0 ± 0.53 | 0.2 | 0.56 | |
| DD/time | Baseline | 0.76 ± 0.52 | 0.73 ± 0.70 | ||
| 3 mo | 0.70 ± 0.76 | 0.82 ± 0.76 | 0.44 | 0.30 | |
| CRQ | |||||
| Dyspneaa | Baseline | 14.6 ± 3.0 | 12.9 ± 6.1 | ||
| 3 mo | 16.8 ± 6.3 | 15.2 ± 6.6 | 0.96 | 0.07 | |
a
Yoga (n = 5); UC (n = 9).
SD, standard deviation; DI; dyspnea intensity; DD; dyspnea-related distress; DI end; DI at the end of the 6MW; DD end; DD at the end of the 6MW; DI and DD index; DI or DD end divided by 6MW distance in feet X 1000; DI/time or DD/time; DI or DD divided by the number of minutes on bicycle ergometer; CRQ; Chronic Respiratory Disease Questionnaire.