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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2011 Mar 10.
Published in final edited form as: Cell Res. 2009 Dec 8;20(1):24–33. doi: 10.1038/cr.2009.137

Figure 1. The nuclear regulation of NF-κB.

Figure 1

After it gains access to the nucleus, NF-κB transcriptional activity is elegantly controlled by a number of nuclear regulators, as illustrated in blue, including non-Rel subunits such as RPS3 (S3) within the NF-κB complex, proteins restricted to the nucleus or translocated from the plasma membrane, other transcription factors, and chromatin modifiers. Two distinct pathways to terminate the NF-κB transactivation, as illustrated in red, involve (I) IκB-mediated restitution of NF-κB to the cytoplasm and (II) ubiquitination-dependent nuclear degradation.