Table 3.

Comparison of determined OEF with existing literature values for normal subjects.

Modality	Reference	Measurement location	OEF: mean±std (range, n)	Measurement time (minutes)
Catheterisation	Chieregato et al., 2003 (35)	Jugular bulb	0.42 (0.29~0.54, n=12)
PET	Leender et al., 1990 (36)	Gray Matter	0.42 (0.27~0.50, n=34)
PET	Raichle et al., 2001 (37)	Gray/White Matter	0.40±0.09 (n=19)
PET	Fox et al., 1988 (38)	Visual Cortex	0.361
MRI 1.5T T2	Oja et al., 1999 (15)	draining veins near Visual Cortex	0.45 (0.37~0.54, n=7)2	11.0
MRI 1.5T T2	Golay et al., 2001 (16)	draining veins near Visual Cortex	0.38±0.04 (0.30~0.46, n=8)	6.0
MRI 3.0T T2	Lu et al., 2007 (19)	Sagittal Sinus	0.34±0.06 (n=24)	4.3
MRI 3.0T T2	Chen et al., 2010 (42)	IJV	0.40±0.083 (n=10)	4.5
MRI 1.5T T2′	An et al., 2000 (39)	Gray/White Matter	0.40±0.02 (0.37~0.44, n=8)	8.5
MRI 3.0T T2′	He et al., 2007 (40)	Gray/White Matter	0.38±0.05 (0.33~0.48, n=9)	8.5
MRI 3.0T susceptibility	Fernandez-Seara et al., 2006 (41)	IJV	0.33±0.08 (n=5)	4.3
MRI 3.0T T2	this study	IJV	0.37±0.04 (0.32~0.42, n=20)	0.8

¹Calculated using CMRO₂ = 1.5 μmol/g/min, Hct = 0.41, and CBF = 0.5 ml/g/min.

²Recalculated from Oja’s T_2v values using the newly determined calibration constants by Golay et al. at 1.5T (16).

³Calculated using Y_v = 0.58 and Y_a = 0.98 (42).