Table 2.
Correlations between Specific Discipline Strategies and Children’s Outcomes
| Mother M (SD) |
Competency | Intensity | #Problems | Father M |
Competency | Intensity | #Problems | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| (SD) | ||||||||
| Positive discipline | ||||||||
| Praising | 6.41 | .20 | .81 | .07 | 6.40 | −.21 | −.15 | −.25 |
| (1.14) | (.60) | |||||||
| Hug/kiss/pat | 6.14 | .27* | −.04 | .06 | 6.00 | −.02 | −.29 | .03 |
| (1.18) | (1.03) | |||||||
| Sticker chart | 2.16 | .17 | −.06 | −.07 | 2.15 | .17 | .05 | −.25 |
| (1.93) | (1.87) | |||||||
| Tangible reward | 3.44 | .09 | −.09 | −.21 | 3.90 | −.48* | .08 | .00 |
| (1.89) | (2.10) | |||||||
| Extra privilege | 3.49 | −.02 | .03 | −.04 | 4.10 | −.34 | −.04 | −.12 |
| (1.80) | (2.00) | |||||||
| Appropriate discipline | ||||||||
| Ignoring | 1.70 | .04 | −.13 | −.24 | 1.72 | .05 | .00 | −.19 |
| (0.75) | (1.40) | |||||||
| Extra homework | 1.92 | −.04 | .15 | .38* | 2.13 | −.36 | −.11 | .46 |
| (1.22) | (1.40) | |||||||
| Correcting | 5.64 | .41** | .04 | .11 | 5.63 | .12 | −.07 | .24 |
| misbehaviors | (1.12) | (1.02) | ||||||
| Reasoning | 5.10 | .28* | .04 | .01 | 4.98 | .36 | −.26 | −.01 |
| (1.45) | (1.43) | |||||||
| Timeout | 2.65 | −.11 | .17 | .14 | 2.18 | −.12 | −.13 | .30 |
| (1.35) | (1.14) | |||||||
| Remove privilege | 3.20 | −.09 | .31* | .32* | 3.16 | −.05 | .21 | .16 |
| (1.33) | (1.15) | |||||||
| Harsh discipline | ||||||||
| Yelling/scolding | 3.49 | .02 | .10 | .00 | 3.83 | −.20 | .25 | .44 |
| (1.38) | (1.52) | |||||||
| Threatening | 2.53 | −.09 | −.00 | .03 | 3.28 | −.21 | −.16 | .13 |
| (1.29) | (1.69) | |||||||
| Spanking | 1.88 | −.19 | .16 | .14 | 2.04 | −.26 | .74** | .59* |
| (0.83) | (1.27) | |||||||
| Hitting | 1.53 | −.00 | −.02 | .08 | 1.42 | .12 | .54* | .30 |
| (0.26) | (.74) | |||||||
| Raising arms | 1.99 | −.20 | .03 | −.10 | 2.19 | −.01 | .47 | .64* |
| (1.26) | (1.47) | |||||||
*
p<.05
**
p< .01 (2-tailed)