Table 3.

Comparison of modification sites identified in this study with modification sites found in previous work with minimally glycated HSA

HSA Sample	Modified Region 1a	Modified Region 2b	Modified Region 3c	Overlapping Residues	Modification
HSA-5	520–534	520–525	525–534	K521, K524, & K525	FL-1H2O
HSA-2, HSA-5	414–432	426–442	415–439	K439/R428	FL-1H2O or AFGP
HSA-4, HSA-5	426–442	426–442	415–439	K439	FL, FL-H2O, or Pyr
HSA-2, HSA-4	196–205, 198–209	196–209, 191–205	n/a	K199, K205	FL, FL-H2O, or Pyr
HSA-5	281–294	286–294	n/a	K286	FL-2H2O or CEL
HSA-2, HSA-4, HSA-5	1–10, 1–12, 5–12	7–17	n/a	K12	FL, FL-H2O, or CEL
HSA-2, HSA-4	83–100	n/a	71–84	R81	MG-H1

^aModified region 1 represents the region of HSA that was found to contain modified sites in this current study. The abbreviations used to represent these modifications are defined in Table 1.

^bModified region 2 represents the region of HSA that was found in Ref. [29] to be modified to form early and late stage glycation products when using a commercial preparation of minimally-glycated HSA.

^cModified region 3 represents the region of a commercial preparation of minimally-glycated HSA that was previously found in Ref. [30] to have significant levels of glycation, as measured by using ¹⁶O/¹⁸O-labeling and mass spectrometry.