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. 2011 Mar 10;7(3):e1001313. doi: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1001313

Figure 9. Model for coupling of nuclear import and integration targeting.

Figure 9

Interaction with Transportin-3 and RanBP2 shuttles the PIC through the nuclear pore and toward gene dense regions favored for HIV integration. Interactions with additional factors in the nucleus (ANAPC2, WDH1, IK, PRPF38A, and SNW1) may also play a role in site selection upstream of the known integration cofactor Ledgf/p75, which targets integration to active transcription units. RNA Pol indicates RNA polymerase II, which is known to be required for transcriptional activity, and which promotes integration [13]–[15], [18]. Nucleosomes are shown because target DNA is known to be wrapped in nucleosomes during the integration step [36], [57]–[60]. PIC, preintegration complex; FG, phenylalanine-glycine repeat sequences of nuclear pore proteins.