Table 3.
HSV-based measures from AP DKGs | Vowel ∕i∕ | Vowel ∕ae∕ | ||
---|---|---|---|---|
Middle (%) | Posterior (%) | Middle (%) | Posterior (%) | |
Mean ± SD | Mean ± SD | Mean ± SD | Mean ± SD | |
OQ (f) | 83.3 ± 2.9 | 61.3 ± 2.2 | 91.0 ± 1.7 | 78.0 ± 3.7 |
OQ (c) | 53.1 ± 5.3 | 35.3 ± 15.5 | 71.8 ± 1.8 | 54.5 ± 0.6 |
SQ (f) | 84.0 ± 11.3 | 53.9 ± 16.7 | 66.3 ± 6.1 | 58.0 ± 7.1 |
SQ (c) | 189.9 ± 40.7 | 119.6 ± 59.9 | 93.8 ± 8.8 | 48.9 ± 4.9 |
AA (f) | 10.1 ± 7.4 | 18.3 ± 6.3 | 2.7 ± 2.8 | 7.1 ± 4.1 |
AA (c) | −4.0 ± 6.2 | −7.6 ± 18.8 | −19.2 ± 7.0 | −22.7 ± 6.4 |
PA (f) | 14.0 ± 2.2 | 14.3 ± 2.8 | 3.5 ± 1.8 | 0.8 ± 0.9 |
PA (c) | 6.8 ± 3.6 | 5.0 ± 2.5 | 0.4 ± 0.6 | 4.5 ± 1.7 |
Notation: (f) = falsetto register, (c) = chest register.