Table 1. Magnitude of Cognitive Improvement in Recent Studies of First Episode Schizophrenia and Internal Healthy Control Groups.

Ahn et al.
Effect sizes of baseline to week 8 comparisons
	Intention-to-treat analysis		Per-protocol analysis
	Patient	Control	Patient	Control
K-WAIS: general intelligencea
Full-scaled IQ	0.08	0.16	0.18	0.19
Digit span	0.07	0.08	0.08	0.01
Vocabulary	−0.02	−0.07	0.08	−0.08
Arithmetic	0.00	0.05	0.06	0.04
Picture arrangement	0.10	0.23	0.14	0.17
Block design	0.17	0.32	0.21	0.37
COWAT: working memory and executive function
Correct responsea	0.38	0.27	0.41	0.34
Perseverative responseb	0.17	−0.04	0.17	0.00
Rey–Kim memory test: verbal and nonverbal memorya
Full-scaled MQ	0.37	0.88	0.45	0.84
AVLT sum of trails 1–5 (words)	0.38	0.95	0.50	0.97
AVLT delayed recall	0.25	0.72	0.34	0.64
AVLT delayed recognition	0.07	0.28	0.10	0.30
RCFT copy	−0.02	−0.11	0.11	−0.04
RCFT immediate recall	0.39	0.59	0.41	0.58
RCFT delayed recall: 20 min	0.42	0.56	0.41	0.59
Conners' CPT: attention
Omission errorb	−0.05	−0.11	−0.06	−0.15
Commission errorb	−0.31	−0.20	−0.17	−0.26
Reaction time sum, msb	0.04	−0.05	0.04	−0.02
SE of reactionb	−0.08	−0.13	−0.02	−0.18
d′ a	0.17	0.18	0.03	0.28
TMT: psychomotor speedb
Trail A time, s	−0.27	−0.25	−0.18	−0.32
Trail A error	−0.17	0.13	−0.44	0.24
Trail B time, s	−0.01	−0.26	0.02	−0.34
Trail B error	−0.21	−0.10	−0.17	−0.34
Crespo-Facorro et al.
Effect sizes of baseline to 6-month comparisons
	Haloperidol	Olanzapine	Risperidone	Controls
CPT degraded stimulusa	0.07	0.25	0.17	−0.17
Brief test of attentiona	0.31	0.09	0.21	0.45
Grooved pegboardb	−0.33	−0.37	−0.12	−0.50
Finger tappinga	0.39	0.03	0.19	0.03
Rey AVLT (learning)a	0.50	0.42	0.50	0.48
Rey AVLT (long-term recall)a	0.43	0.48	0.30	0.48
WAIS-III backward digitsa	0.34	0.29	0.04	0.04
Rey complex figure testa	0.62	0.48	0.59	0.43
Trail making test Bb	−0.19	−0.47	−0.40	−0.38
WAIS-III digit symbola	0.33	0.59	0.32	0.74
FAS verbal fluencya	0.08	0.32	0.12	0.45
Iowa gamblinga	−0.07	0.36	0.20	0.69
Goldberg et al.
Effect sizes of baseline to week 6 comparisons
	Patients with schizophrenia		Healthy controls
Mental status
MMSE: total score	0.70		0.01
Speed
Verbal fluency: words produced	−0.21		0.04
Trail making A and B: total time	0.43		0.24
WAIS-R digit symbol: scaled score	0.43		1.15
Executive function
WCST: % perseveration	0.37		0.42
WSCT: loss of set	−0.23		−0.13
Episodic memory
CVLT: trails 1–5	0.40		0.64
CVLT: recognition errors	0.37		0.42
WMS-R: logical memory	0.74		0.79
WMS-R: visual reproduction	0.64		0.12
Spatial processing
Judgment of line orientation	0.39		0.17
Working memory
WMS-R digit span: sequences recalled	0.24		0.42
Motor
Finger tapping: number of taps	0.12		0.13
Grooved pegboard: time to complete	0.20		0.51
Symptom dimensions
SANS	0.38		N/A
Hallucinations	1.30		N/A
Delusions	0.96		N/A
Severity of illness	1.21		N/A
Disorganization	0.67		N/A

^aPositive indicates improvement.

^bNegative indicates improvement.