Figure 3.

Reward anticipation and reward receipt in the striatum. (a) Whole-brain results for the main effects of reward reveal a medial-to-lateral gradient as a function of task phase in ventral striatum: The effect of reward anticipation during reward-cues (in red) was largest in the ventromedial part of the striatum. The effect of reward anticipation during task-cues (in green) is observed more laterally in the striatum. Finally, the effect of reward receipt (in dark blue) was largest in the most lateral parts of the ventral striatum (voxel-level cutoff at P<0.001, uncorrected). L=left; R=right. (b) The reward anticipation effect in the anatomically defined (left) caudate nucleus is plotted for the 10R homozygotes (DAT 10/10) and the 9R carriers (DAT 9/10). The 9R carriers (with presumably more striatal dopamine), but not the 10R homozygotes, showed a significant reward anticipation effect (see ^*) in this caudate ROI, which includes the nucleus accumbens. Error bars represent standard errors of the differences between high- and low-reward-cues. (c) The reward receipt effect in the anatomically defined (left) putamen is plotted for the 10R homozygotes (DAT 10/10) and the 9R carriers (DAT 9/10). The 10R homozygotes (with presumably less striatal dopamine), but not the 9R carriers, showed a significant reward receipt effect (see ^*) in this putamen ROI. Error bars represent standard errors of the differences (SED) between positive feedback and negative feedback.