Table 3.
Change in Metabolic Parameters over Time
| Outcome Variable | 0–4 Weeks | 0–8 Weeks | 0–12 Weeks | P-Value Wk 0–4 |
P-Value Wk 0–8 |
P-Value Wk 0–12 |
Effect Size |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Glucose (mg/dL) | |||||||
| Aripiprazole | −0.92 (−4.13, 2.29) | 2.62 (−0.69, 5.93) | 0.54 (−2.85, 3.93) | 0.58 | 0.13 | 0.76 | 0.05 |
| Olanzapine | 1.96 (−0.41, 4.33) | 3.06 (0.43, 5.69) | 3.14 (0.69, 5.59) | 0.11 | 0.03 | 0.02 | 0.37 |
| Quetiapine | 2.52 (−0.50, 5.54) | 1.80 (−1.65, 5.25) | 2.64 (−0.65, 5.93) | 0.11 | 0.31 | 0.12 | 0.26 |
| Risperidone | 1.32 (−0.50, 3.14) | 1.29 (−0.81, 3.39) | 1.14 (−0.84, 3.12) | 0.16 | 0.23 | 0.26 | 0.10 |
| Untreated | 0.86 (−5.22, 6.94) | −4.42 (−11.20, 2.36) | 0.69 (−4.84, 6.22) | 0.79 | 0.22 | 0.81 | 0.06 |
| Insulin (mmol/L) | |||||||
| Aripiprazole | 2.05 (−2.52, 6.62) | 1.17 (−3.42, 5.76) | 2.61(−2.09, 7.31) | 0.38 | 0.62 | 0.28 | 0.17 |
| Olanzapine | 0.80 (−1.38, 2.98) | 0.36 (−2.07, 2.79) | 2.71 (0.42, 5.00) | 0.47 | 0.77 | 0.02 | 0.35 |
| Quetiapine | 1.10 (−2.57, 4.77) | 0.83 (−3.17, 4.83) | 1.08 (−2.80, 4.96) | 0.56 | 0.69 | 0.59 | 0.09 |
| Risperidone | 1.75 (0.30, 3.20) | 0.25 (−1.36, 1.86) | 0.69 (−0.86, 2.24) | 0.02 | 0.76 | 0.39 | 0.08 |
| Untreated | −3.17 (−7.36, 1.02) | 1.50 (−2.97, 5.97) | −0.47 (−4.31, 3.37) | 0.16 | 0.52 | 0.81 | −0.06 |
| HOMA-IR | |||||||
| Aripiprazole | 0.36 (−0.66, 1.38) | 0.28 (−0.74, 1.30) | 0.55 (−0.49, 1.59) | 0.50 | 0.59 | 0.31 | 0.16 |
| Olanzapine | 0.07 (−0.46, 0.60) | 0.11 (−0.48, 0.70) | 0.62 (0.07, 1.17) | 0.79 | 0.71 | 0.03 | 0.33 |
| Quetiapine | 0.36 (−0.52, 1.24) | 0.35 (−0.59, 1.29) | 0.35 (−0.57, 1.27) | 0.44 | 0.48 | 0.46 | 0.12 |
| Risperidone | 0.43 (0.10, 0.76) | 0.08 (−0.29, 0.45) | 0.20 (−0.15, 0.55) | 0.01 | 0.67 | 0.28 | 0.10 |
| Untreated | −0.71 (−1.55, 0.13) | −0.82 (−1.76, 0.12) | −0.09 (−0.85, 0.67) | 0.12 | 0.11 | 0.82 | −0.06 |
| TG/HDL Ratio (mg/dL) | |||||||
| Aripiprazole | −0.30 (−0.75, 0.15) | −0.32 (−0.77, 0.13) | −0.19 (−0.66, 00.28) | 0.18 | 0.16 | 0.42 | −0.12 |
| Olanzapine | 0.35 (0.02, 0.68) | 0.48 (0.09, 0.87) | 0.59 (0.24, 0.94) | 0.04 | 0.02 | 0.002 | 0.49 |
| Quetiapine | 0.06 (−0.65, 0.77) | 0.46 (−0.38, 1.30) | 1.22 (0.44, 2.00) | 0.87 | 0.29 | 0.004 | 0.51 |
| Risperidone | 0.05 (−0.15, 0.25) | 0.19 (−0.03, 0.41) | 0.20 (0.00, 0.40) | 0.63 | 0.08 | 0.05 | 0.17 |
| Untreated | −0.23 (−0.92, 0.46) | 0.009 (−0.76, 0.77) | −0.31 (−0.94, 0.32) | 0.51 | 0.98 | 0.35 | −0.25 |
| Total cholesterol (mg/dL) | |||||||
| Aripiprazole | 9.54 (2.21, 16.87) | 3.90 (−3.51, 11.31) | 3.75 (−3.85, 11.35) | 0.013 | 0.31 | 0.34 | 0.15 |
| Olanzapine | 18.72 (10.43, 27.01) | 11.33 (2.20, 20.46) | 15.58 (6.88, 24.28) | <0.001 | 0.02 | <0.001 | 0.52 |
| Quetiapine | 8.52 (0.66, 16.38) | 14.80 (5.84, 23.76) | 9.05 (0.41, 17.69) | 0.04 | 0.002 | <0.05 | 0.34 |
| Risperidone | 6.25 (1.70, 10.80) | 1.96 (−3.08, 7.00) | 3.46 (−1.44, 8.36) | 0.008 | 0.45 | 0.17 | 0.12 |
| Untreated | 6.17 (−4.77, 17.11) | 0.36 (−12.46, 13.18) | 2.38 (−7.69, 12.45) | 0.50 | 0.62 | 0.82 | 0.12 |
| LDL-cholesterol (mg/dL) | |||||||
| Aripiprazole | 9.07 (2.29, 15.85) | 2.80 (−4.16, 9.76) | 7.38 (0.77, 13.99) | 0.01 | 0.43 | 0.05 | 0.34 |
| Olanzapine | 9.00 (1.79, 16.21) | 6.97 (−1.11, 15.05) | 11.54 (3.97, 19.11) | 0.02 | 0.10 | 0.004 | 0.45 |
| Quetiapine | 4.66 (−1.83, 11.15) | 11.98 (4.12, 19.84) | 3.88 (−3.37, 11.13) | 0.17 | 0.005 | 0.30 | 0.17 |
| Risperidone | 1.70 (−2.30, 5.70) | −0.40 (−4.91, 4.11) | 0.21 (−4.14, 4.56) | 0.41 | 0.86 | 0.92 | 0.01 |
| Untreated | 6.90 (−2.00, 15.80) | 1.41 (−9.02, 11.84) | 2.99 (−5.18, 11.16) | 0.15 | 0.79 | 0.49 | 0.19 |
| HDL-cholesterol (mg/dL) | |||||||
| Aripiprazole | 2.84 (0.35, 5.33) | 0.87 (−1.66, 3.40) | 0.29 (−2.32, 2.90) | 0.03 | 0.50 | 0.83 | 0.03 |
| Olanzapine | 2.30 (−0.07, 4.67) | −1.10 (−3.86, 1.66) | −1.27(−3.80, 1.26) | 0.06 | 0.44 | 0.33 | −0.15 |
| Quetiapine | 3.36 (0.11, 6.61) | 0.78 (−2.98, 4.54) | −1.47 (−5.06, 2.12) | <0.05 | 0.69 | 0.43 | −0.13 |
| Risperidone | 1.58 (0.11, 3.05) | −0.54 (−2.19, 1.11) | 0.33 (−1.26, 1.92) | 0.04 | 0.52 | 0.68 | 0.04 |
| Untreated | 2.21 (−2.79, 7.21) | −1.52 (−6.85, 3.81) | 1.49 (−3.10, 6.08) | 0.40 | 0.65 | 0.53 | 0.16 |
| Triglycerides (mg/dL) | |||||||
| Aripiprazole | −6.57 (−23.15, 10.01) | −8.70 (−25.56, 8.16) | −2.40 (−19.71, 14.91) | 0.44 | 0.32 | 0.79 | −0.04 |
| Olanzapine | 20.79 (7.13, 34.45) | 21.92 (5.63, 38.21) | 24.34 (9.8, 38.88) | 0.004 | 0.01 | 0.002 | 0.49 |
| Quetiapine | 2.84 (−21.84, 27.52) | 14.87 (−12.88, 42.62) | 36.96 (10.13, 63.79) | 0.82 | 0.30 | 0.01 | 0.45 |
| Risperidone | 6.32 (−2.34, 14.98) | 8.86 (−0.69, 18.41) | 9.74 (0.45, 19.03) | 0.15 | 0.07 | 0.04 | 0.18 |
| Untreated | −13.44 (−45.72, 18.84) | −4.50 (−38.70, 29.70) | −11.84 (−41.55, 17.87) | 0.43 | 0.80 | 0.45 | −0.20 |
| Non-HDL-cholesterol (mg/dL) | |||||||
| Aripiprazole | 6.68 (0.47, 12.89) | 3.02 (−3.27, 9.31) | 4.41 (−2.10, 10.92) | 0.04 | 0.35 | 0.19 | 0.21 |
| Olanzapine | 16.42 (9.25, 23.59) | 12.59 (4.73, 20.45) | 16.81 (9.30, 24.32) | <0.001 | 0.003 | <0.001 | 0.65 |
| Quetiapine | 5.05 (−2.83, 12.93) | 13.78 (5.12, 22.44) | 9.93 (1.42, 18.44) | 0.22 | 0.003 | 0.03 | 0.38 |
| Risperidone | 4.69 (0.55, 8.83) | 2.27 (−2.38, 6.92) | 3.02 (−1.45, 7.49) | 0.03 | 0.34 | 0.19 | 0.11 |
| Untreated | 4.44 (−5.56, 14.44) | 0.64 (−10.88, 12.16) | 0.52 (−8.65, 9.69) | 0.40 | 0.91 | 0.91 | 0.03 |
All change scores are reports as means ± 95% confidence intervals.
Bolded p values: <0.05