Table 2.
Clinical characteristics of the study subjects classified by the presence/absence of proteinuria.
| Pro (+) | Pro (−) | P-value | eGFR < 60 | eGFR ≥ 60 | P value | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Number | 65 | 2179 | 48 | 2196 | ||
| Age (y) | 43 ± 10 | 44 ± 9 | .69 | 54 ± 8 | 44 ± 9 | <.01 |
| Height (cm) | 172 ± 6 | 172 ± 6 | .21 | 172 ± 6 | 172 ± 6 | .92 |
| BMI | 25.1 ± 4.1 | 23.9 ± 3.0 | <.05 | 24.6 ± 2.6 | 23.9 ± 3.0 | <.05 |
| WC (cm) | 87 ± 11 | 84 ± 8 | <.05 | 86 ± 6 | 84 ± 8 | .09 |
| Smoking (%) | 30 (46) | 677 (31) | <.01 | 7 (15) | 700 (32) | <.01 |
| ALC (N/LM/H)(%) | 12/34/19 (18/52/30) | 279/1352/548 (13/62/25) | .25 | 5/32/11 (10/67/23) | 286/1354/556 (13/62/25) | .76 |
| SBP (mmHg) | 126 ± 15 | 122 ± 14 | <.05 | 130 ± 15 | 122 ± 14 | <.01 |
| DBP (mmHg) | 79 ± 12 | 76 ± 11 | <.05 | 84 ± 12 | 76 ± 11 | <.01 |
| Pulse rate (bpm) | 71 ± 9 | 68 ± 10 | <.05 | 71 ± 9 | 68 ± 10 | .07 |
| baPWV (m/s) | 13.7 ± 2.1 | 12.9 ± 1.8 | <.01 | 14.5 ± 2.3 | 12.9 ± 1.8 | <.01 |
| radial AI (%) | 74 ± 10 | 71 ± 13 | <.05 | 73 ± 14 | 71 ± 13 | .12 |
| SBP 2 (mmHg) | 117 ± 17 | 111 ± 16 | <.01 | 120 ± 19 | 111 ± 16 | <.01 |
| TC (mmol/L) | 5.5 ± 1.0 | 5.3 ± 0.9 | .19 | 5.9 ± 1.0 | 5.3 ± 0.9 | <.01 |
| HDL (mmol/L ) | 1.4 ± 0.4 | 1.6 ± 0.4 | <.01 | 1.5 ± 0.4 | 1.6 ± 0.4 | .16 |
| TG (mmol/L) | 1.6 ± 1.7 | 1.4 ± 1.0 | .31 | 1.8 ± 1.0 | 1.4 ± 1.0 | <.01 |
| FPG (mmol/Ll) | 5.2 ± 0.5 | 4.9 ± 0.5 | .12 | 5.1 ± 0.5 | 4.9 ± 0.5 | <.01 |
| eGFR (mL/min per 1.73 m2) | 85 ± 15 | 82 ± 12 | .10 | 56 ± 4 | 82 ± 12 | <.01 |
| eGFR <60 (%) | 1 (1.5) | 64 (2.9) | .59 | — | — | — |
| Proteinuria (%) | — | — | — | 1 (2.0) | 47 (2.1) | .75 |
Abbreviations. Pro (+): subjects with proteinuria; Pro (−): subjects without proteinuria; eGFR < 60: subjects with eGFR of 15 to 59 mL/min per 1.73 m2; eGFR ≥ 60: subjects with eGFR ≥ 60 mL/min per 1.73 m2; BMI: body mass index; WC: waist circumference; smoking: number of subjects who were smoking; ALC: (N: nondrinker, LM: light-to-moderate drinker (ethanol intake: 1–29 g/day), and H: heavy drinker (ethanol intake: ≥30 g/day)); SBP: systolic blood pressure; DBP: diastolic blood pressure; baPWV: brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity; radial AI: radial augmentation index; SBP2: second peak of the radial pressure waveform; TC: serum total cholesterol; HDL: serum high-density lipoprotein cholesterol; TG: serum triglycerides; FPG: fasting plasma glucose; eGFR: estimated glomerular filtration rate; eGFR < 60 mL/min per 1.73 m2: number of subjects with eGFR < 60 mL/min per 1.73 m2; proteinuria: number of subjects with proteinuria.