Within the hippocampus the pyramidal neurons in each of the DKA/BE cases accumulate strikingly increased levels of 8OHG (A,B) compared to controls (C). Image analysis of the intensity of neuronal staining revealed significantly higher levels of 8OHG in DKA/BE compared to controls ages 3, 17,17 years (D, error bars indicate +/- SEM, * p<0.001). The cerebellum demonstrated strong immunodetection of 8OHG in both the Purkinje cells (white arrows), other cells and cellular processes (black arrows) within the molecular layer of the DKA/BE cases (E,F) compared to controls (G), which showed weaker staining of the Purkinje cells and weakly stained nuclei (arrowheads). Upon quantification comparing the DKA/BE cases with controls ages 16, 17, 17 years, the cellular accumulation of 8OHG was significantly greater in both the Purkinje cells and other molecular layer cells (H, error bars indicate +/- SEM, * p<0.001).