Figure 3.

The down-regulation of SMAD signaling does not block TGF-β–mediated EMT. NMuMG cells stably expressing GFP, Smad3, or Smad7 were treated with TGF-β (5 ng/ml for 24 h at 37°C), stained for E- or N-cadherin, and visualized by antimouse Cy2 fluorescence and phase contrast microscopy. F-actin localization was determined by Texas Red-phalloidin. The panels (400×) are magnified as insets (800×).