Figure 9. The gene expression profiles of cell reprogramming with the recipe Pdx1, Ngn3, Pax4 and MafA.

(A) Gene expression profiles of pancreatic exocrine cells being reprogrammed to β cells. Four genes, Pdx1, Ngn3, Pax4 and MafA are over-expressed as the extra production terms in the model. Only β cells appear after the cell reprogramming. No α cells appear since they are repressed with the introduction of the gene Pax4. (B) Ten gene expression patterns in reprogrammed pancreas β cell with the recipe: Pdx1, Ngn3, MafA and Pax4. White – Initial values; Gray – Maximum value; Black – Final value.