Table 1.
Age-Standardized Baseline* Characteristics According to Physical Activity Category Among 2,705 Men With Prostate Cancer in the Health Professionals Follow-Up Study
| Characteristic | Total Activity |
Vigorous Activity |
||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| < 3 MET-h/wk | 3 to < 9 MET-h/wk | 9 to < 24 MET-h/wk | 24 to < 48 MET-h/wk | ≥ 48 MET-h/wk | < 1 h/wk | 1 to < 3 h/wk | ≥ 3 h/wk | |
| No. of participants | 302 | 373 | 710 | 660 | 660 | 1596 | 647 | 318 |
| Mean age at diagnosis, years† | 70.8 | 70.3 | 69.2 | 68.3 | 68.6 | 69.5 | 68.6 | 68.4 |
| Mean total activity, MET-h/wk | 0.9 | 5.8 | 16.3 | 34.4 | 87.3 | 23.4 | 34.5 | 75.1 |
| Mean vigorous activity, MET-h/wk | 0.05 | 1.0 | 4.5 | 11.1 | 30.3 | 0.5 | 12.0 | 49.1 |
| Stage category, % of participants | ||||||||
| T1 | 44.8 | 50.8 | 52.8 | 49.8 | 49.8 | 49.0 | 53.0 | 51.6 |
| T2 | 34.0 | 33.8 | 35.2 | 39.2 | 38.9 | 36.1 | 36.6 | 37.8 |
| T3 or T4 | 2.1 | 3.5 | 2.0 | 2.2 | 2.1 | 2.3 | 2.0 | 2.1 |
| Missing | 19.1 | 11.9 | 9.9 | 8.8 | 9.2 | 12.5 | 8.4 | 8.6 |
| Gleason score, % of participants | ||||||||
| < 7 | 50.8 | 51.5 | 55.9 | 59.5 | 53.8 | 53.2 | 58.1 | 57.3 |
| 7 | 15.3 | 19.8 | 18.6 | 15.7 | 19.3 | 18.2 | 17.3 | 17.1 |
| > 7 | 5.4 | 6.8 | 4.9 | 5.3 | 4.8 | 5.1 | 6.1 | 4.8 |
| Missing | 28.5 | 22.0 | 20.6 | 19.6 | 22.1 | 23.5 | 18.6 | 20.9 |
| Primary treatment, % of participants | ||||||||
| Radical prostatectomy | 36.8 | 45.1 | 45.5 | 51.5 | 47.3 | 45.7 | 46.5 | 47.4 |
| Radiation, seeds, or hormones | 34.6 | 36.2 | 34.3 | 31.6 | 34.5 | 32.8 | 35.3 | 36.2 |
| Watchful waiting | 7.5 | 5.1 | 7.7 | 6.7 | 5.9 | 6.8 | 7.2 | 5.5 |
| Other treatment | 1.4 | 2.6 | 2.2 | 1.3 | 1.5 | 1.9 | 1.9 | 1.2 |
| Missing treatment | 19.6 | 11.1 | 10.2 | 8.8 | 11.0 | 12.9 | 9.1 | 9.8 |
| Mean BMI, kg/m2 | 27.4 | 26.1 | 25.8 | 25.5 | 25.1 | 26.2 | 25.5 | 24.8 |
| Family history of prostate cancer, % of participants | 9.8 | 8.0 | 8.5 | 12.1 | 10.3 | 8.6 | 12.8 | 9.9 |
| Diabetes, % of participants | 12.5 | 10.1 | 6.7 | 8.3 | 6.0 | 8.7 | 8.6 | 5.6 |
| High blood pressure, % of participants | 50.3 | 48.1 | 41.8 | 43.7 | 39.4 | 45.6 | 42.0 | 39.6 |
| Elevated cholesterol, % of participants | 53.6 | 52.6 | 52.4 | 50.7 | 47.0 | 51.5 | 51.4 | 46.9 |
| Parental history of MI at age ≤ 60 years, % of participants | 9.6 | 11.8 | 12.0 | 11.7 | 10.4 | 11.0 | 11.3 | 11.9 |
| Smoking status, % of participants | ||||||||
| Current smoker | 5.8 | 5.9 | 4.8 | 3.3 | 2.7 | 5.1 | 3.7 | 1.5 |
| Past smoker | 52.7 | 52.0 | 50.1 | 51.5 | 49.2 | 51.2 | 50.8 | 49.1 |
| Never smoker | 41.5 | 42.0 | 45.1 | 45.2 | 48.1 | 43.7 | 45.5 | 49.3 |
| Mean intake | ||||||||
| Calories per day | 1,810 | 1,924 | 1,937 | 1,969 | 2,081 | 1,953 | 1,960 | 1,999 |
| Calcium, mg/d | 1,032 | 1,018 | 1,045 | 1,049 | 1,076 | 1,042 | 1,055 | 1,070 |
| Red meat, servings/d | 0.4 | 0.5 | 0.5 | 0.4 | 0.4 | 0.5 | 0.5 | 0.4 |
| Tomato sauce, servings/wk | 0.9 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.2 | 1.0 | 1.1 | 1.2 |
| Fish, servings/d | 0.3 | 0.3 | 0.3 | 0.3 | 0.3 | 0.3 | 0.3 | 0.4 |
| Alcohol, % of participants | ||||||||
| Nondrinker | 36.2 | 23.9 | 23.9 | 20.5 | 23.9 | 26.9 | 22.8 | 18.4 |
| < 15 g/d | 44.7 | 53.0 | 52.0 | 51.5 | 46.7 | 47.8 | 51.4 | 55.2 |
| ≥ 15 g/d | 19.1 | 23.1 | 24.1 | 28.1 | 29.4 | 25.4 | 25.8 | 26.4 |
Abbreviations: MET, metabolic equivalent task; BMI, body mass index; MI, myocardial infarction.
*
Baseline lifestyle factors are from participants' first postdiagnosis questionnaire. The subsequent questionnaire was used if first postdiagnosis questionnaire was completed within 6 months of primary treatment.
†
Age is not age standardized.