Table 1.
Summary of the macro-area unita of analysis and type of segregation measured used in the published research, 1950-2009
| Macro unit of analysis | Segregation dimension |
# of publications |
# (%) of positive association |
|---|---|---|---|
| MSA | Formal: | ||
| Evenness | 13 | ||
| Exposure/isolation | 6 | ||
| Concentration | 1 | ||
| Clustering | 2 | ||
| Centralization | 1 | ||
| Hypersegregation | 1 | ||
| Total | 24 | 21 (87.5%) | |
| Proxy: | |||
| Racial composition | 3 | ||
| Total | 3 | 1 (50%) | |
| State | Formal: | ||
| Evenness | 1 | ||
| Exposure/isolation | 1 | ||
| Concentration | 1 | ||
| Total | 3 | 3 (100%) | |
| Proxy: | |||
| Racial composition | 3 | ||
| Total | 3 | 1 (33%) | |
| City | Formal: | ||
| Evenness | 2 | ||
| Exposure / Isolation | 4 | ||
| Wong’s local index | 3 | ||
| Total | 9 | 8 (88.8%) | |
| Proxy: | |||
| Racial composition | 5 | ||
| Total | 5 | 2 (40%) | |
| County | Formal | ||
| Evenness | 2 | ||
| Exposure/isolation | 1 | ||
| Total | 3 | 1 (33.3%) | |
| Proxy: | |||
| Racial composition | 2 | ||
| Total | 2 | 1 (50%) | |
| Census tract | Proxy: | ||
| Racial composition | 1 | ||
| Total | 1 | 1 (100%) | |
| Individualb | Proxy: | ||
| Racial composition | 3 | ||
| Total | 3 | 2 (66.6%) |
Note: A single study may examine multiple segregation measures for a specific health outcome or multiple health outcomes for a specific measure of segregation. Therefore, some studies may be listed more than once or have two different associations for a single outcome.
Abbreviations: Metropolitan Statistical Area (MSA)
a
Some studies that used racial composition as a measure of segregation were not included in this table since a macro-area unit of analysis is not specified.
b
Creation of measure based on assessing racial/ethnic composition across various context over lifecourse.