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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2011 Mar 15.

Published in final edited form as: Ann Biomed Eng. 2009 Apr 2;37(6):1082–1092. doi: 10.1007/s10439-009-9684-3

Pulsation effects of flows on the mRNA expression in distal PMVECs. Effects of pulsatile flow conditions including peristaltic flow and arterial-like flows with varied pulse magnitudes were compared to those of the steady flow. All the flow conditions had the same mean flow rate with shear stress at 14 dynes/cm² and the same perfusion time (1 hour). The mRNA expression of (a) adhesion molecules, ICAM-1 and E-selectin, (b) chemokine, monocyte chemoattractant protein (MCP-1), and (c) molecules that regulate cell proliferation in distal PMVECs were examined under various pulsatile flow conditions. The mRNA expression was detected using real-time RT-PCR and expressed as fold change relative to the static condition. Data represent mean ± SEM. “F” means frequency of flow. All the conditions are significantly different from the static condition; ‘*’: significantly different from the steady flow; ‘†’: significantly different from the low pulse flow at the same frequency (P ≤ 0.05).

Pulsation effects of flows on the mRNA expression in distal PMVECs. Effects of pulsatile flow conditions including peristaltic flow and arterial-like flows with varied pulse magnitudes were compared to those of the steady flow. All the flow conditions had the same mean flow rate with shear stress at 14 dynes/cm² and the same perfusion time (1 hour). The mRNA expression of (a) adhesion molecules, ICAM-1 and E-selectin, (b) chemokine, monocyte chemoattractant protein (MCP-1), and (c) molecules that regulate cell proliferation in distal PMVECs were examined under various pulsatile flow conditions. The mRNA expression was detected using real-time RT-PCR and expressed as fold change relative to the static condition. Data represent mean ± SEM. “F” means frequency of flow. All the conditions are significantly different from the static condition; ‘*’: significantly different from the steady flow; ‘†’: significantly different from the low pulse flow at the same frequency (P ≤ 0.05).