Figure 2.

Treatment with cinnamon extract inhibits maturation of MHCII⁺ APCs. MHCII⁺ APCs were stimulated with lipopolysaccharide (LPS) alone or in combination with cinnamon extract (0.1, 0.3 and 0.5 mg/mL). Expression levels of cytokines (A) and co-stimulatory molecules (C) were measured by quantitative real-time PCR. B: Intracellular expression levels of interleukin (IL)-10 and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α proteins were analyzed by flow cytometry. Effect of cinnamon extract treatment on cyclooxygenase (COX)-2 expression at the mRNA (D) and protein (E) level was measured by quantitative real-time PCR and immunoblotting, respectively. Error bars indicated SD. ^aP < 0.05, ^bP < 0.005, ^cP < 0.001. Data are representative of three individual experiments. IFN: Interferon.