. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2012 Mar 1.

Published in final edited form as: Am J Obstet Gynecol. 2010 Dec 8;204(3):238.e1–238.e5. doi: 10.1016/j.ajog.2010.10.005

Table 2.

Interaction between use of oxytocin during the first and second stage of labor and active management of the third stage of labor. Multivariable analyses (with cluster effect).

	PPH ≥ 500 ml ^a			PPH ≥ 1000 ml ^a			Blood transfusion ^b
	OR	95%CI	p-value	OR	95%CI	p-value	OR	95%CI	p-value
Active management of third stage of labor ^c	0.49	0.34–0.68	0.001	0.66	0.39–1.12	0.124	0.93	0.25–3.49	0.917
Oxytocin during first/second stage of labor ^d	0.91	0.69–1.18	0.478	1.17	0.76–1.79	0.474	2.00	0.74–5.43	0.169
Active management of third stage of labor and oxytocin first/second stage of labor ^e	0.94	0.62–1.41	0.753	0.66	0.32–1.38	0.273	0.69	0.17–2.84	0.603

PPH: Postpartum hemorrhage, OR: Odds ratio, 95%CI: 95% Confidence Interval.

Adjust for: maternal age, parity, multiple pregnancy, macrosomia, low birth weight, gestational age, episiotomy, tears, suture, forceps and placental retention

Adjust for: maternal age, parity, macrosomia, low birth weight, gestational age, episiotomy, suture, forceps and placental retention

Reference: No active management of third stage of labor

Reference: No use of oxytocin during first/second stage of labor

Reference: No use of oxytocin during any stage of labor.