Table 5.

Haplotypic association between IL12B polymorphisms and severe disease outcomes.

Haplotype	Severe malaria			Hyperparasitaemia (≥250,000/µL)
	Odds ratio	95% CI	p-value	Odds ratio	95% CI	p-value
IL12Bpro-2/3’ UTR-T	0.51	0.29–0.90	0.020	0.57	0.28–1.18	0.132
IL12Bpro-2/3’ UTR-G	1.49	0.83–2.69	0.181	0.90	0.40–2.03	0.795
IL12Bpro-1/3’ UTR-T	1.52	0.70–3.30	0.292	2.15	0.84–5.53	0.112
IL12Bpro-1/3’ UTR-G	0.87	0.49–1.57	0.645	0.76	0.35–1.64	0.487

Patients with P. falciparum infection were categorized according to WHO criteria (WHO, 2000) for severe malaria and stratified based on their IL12B haplotypes (IL12Bpro/3’ UTR). Patients were also categorized as non-hyperparasitaemia (<250,000 parasites/µL) and hyperparasitaemia (≥250,000 parasites/µL). Multivariate logistic regression analyses were performed, controlling for the confounding effects of age and gender. Results are presented as odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence interval (CI), with p≤0.05 considered statistically significant for those with versus those without the haplotype.