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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2012 Jan 1.
Published in final edited form as: Addiction. 2011 Jan;106(1):135–142. doi: 10.1111/j.1360-0443.2010.03102.x

Table 1.

Final Cox proportional hazards model of time to treatment failure1.

Parameter Estimate Standard Error p-value Hazard Ratio (95% Confidence Limits)
Gender 0.146 0.154 0.341 1.16 (0.86, 1.57)
Age in years 0.000 0.007 0.959 1.00 (0.99, 1.01)
Non-White vs White −0.027 0.173 0.878 0.97 (0.69, 1.37)
Education (< high school vs high school or greater 0.348 0.152 0.022 1.42 (1.05, 1.91)
Unemployed vs Employed 0.403 0.144 0.005 1.50 (1.13, 1.98)
Polysubstance misuse (yes vs no) 0.387 0.176 0.028 1.47 (1.04, 2.08)
First Sanction at ≤ 30 days 2.429 0.644 <0.001 11.34 (3.21, 40.0)
Second Sanction 0.451 0.288 0.118 1.57 (0.89, 2.76)
Third Sanction 0.501 0.451 0.266 1.65 (0.68, 3.99)
Fourth Sanction 0.454 0.704 0.519 1.58 (0.40, 6.26)
First Sanction at > 30 days −1.506 0.671 0.025 0.22 (0.06, 0.83)
1

Jail sanctions during drug court participation are time-dependent covariates. This model also includes the interaction between first sanction and time (where time is dichotomized into ≤ 30 days or > 30 days)..