Table 2.
Univariate and multivariable regression analyses
| Patient characteristics N = 93 | Risk ratio for detectable HIV-RNA at delivery (95% confidence interval); p-value | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Patients with undetectable HIV-RNA at delivery N = 68 | Patients with detectable HIV-RNA at delivery N = 25 | Univariate analyses | Multivariable regression analyses using generalized linear models | |
| Nationality (N, %) | ||||
| Italian | 32/39 (82.1%) | 7/39 (17.9%) | Ref. | Excluded due to collinearity with cART |
| Non-Italian | 36/54 (66.7%) | 18/54 (33.3%) | 1.86 (0.86- 4.01); p = 0.099 | |
| Age (mean years, SD) | 31.5 (5.5) | 30.5 (4.99) | For each year 0.98 (0.93-1.04); p = 0.5 | For each year 0.99 (0.94-1.05); p = 0.9 |
| Calendar year at pregnancy (mean, SD) | 2005.8 (1.6) | 2005.6 (1.3) | For each year 0.93 (0.76-1.15); p = 0.7 | For each year 0.96 (0.85-1.10); p = 0.6 |
| cART at HIV RNA test (N, %) | ||||
| 0 drugs | 1/9 (11%) | 8/9 (89%) | 4.4 (2.7-7.1); p < 0.0001 | Dichotomy variable (no cART - versus- any cART) |
| 2 drugs | 6/6 (100%) | 0/6 (0%) | ||
| ≥3 drugs | 61/78 (78%) | 17/78 (22%) | Ref. 2 or ≥3 drugs (no differences among the 2) | 4.4 (2.7-7.2) P < 0.0001 |
| cART relative to pregnancy (N, %) | ||||
| before 2nd trimester | 49/60 (82%) | 11/60 (18%) | Ref. any periods (no differences among the 3) | |
| 2nd trimester | 14/19 (74%) | 5/19 (26%) | ||
| 3rd trimester | 4/5 (80%) | 1/5 (20%) | ||
| No therapy | 1/9 (11%) | 8/9 (89%) | 4.4 (2.7-7.1); P < 0.0001 | |
| CD4+/mm3 at pregnancy (mean, SD) | 468 (223) | 376 (204) | For each 50 CD4+/mm3 0.91 (0.84-0.99); P = 0.037 | For each 50 CD4+/mm3 0.94 (0.89-0.99); P = 0.032 |
Analyses were on patients with plasma viral load measured at the time of delivery (within 30 days before delivery). cART: combination antiretroviral therapy; Ref.: reference category.