Table 1.
Effect of manner of ethanol addition on esterificationa
| Mean esterification ± SD, % | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Addition method | Ethanol:fatty acid molar ratio |
Time, hours | Treatment | Control | Rate of increase, % |
| Three-step | 2:1 | 3 | 60 ± 0.643 | 49.8 ± 0.493 | 20.5 |
| Five-step | 2:1 | 5 | 76.7 ± 0.794 | 51.5 ± 0.5 | 48.9 |
| Ten-step | 2:1 | 24 | 81.6 ± 0.6 | 54.1 ± 1.49 | 50.8 |
aControl reaction used one-step addition of ethanol. Reaction system comprised 2.82 g of fatty acid, 580 × 2 μl of ethanol added in various ways, 0.33 g of immobilized lipase at 30°C and spun at 190 rpm. SD, standard deviation.