Table 2.
Average force (kg) of each muscle group across all individuals.
| Male | Female | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Healthy | Affected | % difference | Healthy | Affected | % difference | |
| Proximal | ||||||
| Shoulder Flexion | 0.50±0.02 | 0.19±0.03 | 62.0 | 0.35±0.03 | 0.23±0.03 | 34.3 |
| Shoulder Abduction | 0.49±0.02 | 0.19±0.03 | 61.2 | 0.35±0.03 | 0.22±0.03 | 37.1 |
| Hip Flexion | 1.10±0.04 | 0.54±0.12 | 50.9 | 0.99±0.06 | 0.73±0.13 | 26.3 |
| Hip Extension | 1.00±0.09 | 0.25±0.10 | 75.0 | 1.08±0.06 | 0.66±0.11 | 38.9 |
| Hip Abduction | 0.07±0.05 | 0.20±0.07 | 71.4 | 0.63±0.04 | 0.38±0.05 | 39.7 |
| Distal | ||||||
| Wrist Flexion | 0.74±0.05 | 0.28±0.04 | 62.2 | 0.53±0.03 | 0.23±0.02 | 56.6 |
| Wrist Extension | 0.84±0.03 | 0.24±0.05 | 71.4 | 0.64±0.04 | 0.38±0.01 | 40.6 |
| Plantarflexion | 0.84±0.03 | 0.17±0.07 | 79.8 | 0.90±0.03 | 0.81±0.06 | 10.0 |
| Dorsiflexion | 1.06±0.06 | 0.42±0.17 | 60.4 | 1.04±0.06 | 0.66±0.04 | 36.5 |
| Other | ||||||
| Neck Flexion | 0.59±0.02 | 0.26±0.02 | 55.9 | 0.39±0.04 | 0.33±0.04 | 15.4 |
| Neck Extension | 0.78±0.05 | 0.37±0.05 | 52.6 | 0.56±0.06 | 0.49±0.07 | 12.5 |
| Elbow Flexion | 1.15±0.05 | 0.44±0.05 | 61.7 | 0.90±0.05 | 0.55±0.05 | 38.9 |
| Elbow Extension | 0.93±0.05 | 0.35±0.03 | 62.4 | 0.57±0.03 | 0.46±0.08 | 19.3 |
| Knee Flexion | 1.10±0.09 | 0.56±0.06 | 49.1 | 1.00±0.05 | 0.68±0.13 | 32.0 |
| Knee Extension | 1.14±0.11 | 0.68±0.10 | 40.4 | 1.05±0.08 | 0.70±0.15 | 33.3 |
Muscles are grouped as proximal, distal and other. All values are represented as mean±SEM. Percent difference is calculated as [1-(Affected/Healthy)* 100] for both males and females.