Table 1.

Summary of media and culture conditions used to isolate various bacterial species from bison rectal swabs or feces

		Incubation
Target bacteria	Dilution	Time (h)a	Temp (°C)	Media
Aerobic
Total bacteria	10−1—10−5	24	37.0	Sheep blood agarc
Enterobacter spp.	10−1—10−4	24	37.0	McConkey agarc
Staphylococcus aureus	10−1—10−2	24	37.0	Mannitol salt agarc
Listeria spp.	10−1—10−3	24—48	37.0	Listeria selective agard
Enterococcus spp.	10−1—10−2	24—48	30.0	Kanamycin-aesculin azide agard
Yersinia spp.	10−1—10−2	48	37.0	Cefsulodin-Irgasan-Novobiocine
Yeast, filamentous fungi	10−1—10−3	24—48	37.0	Sabouraud agarc
Salmonella spp.	10−1	12—18	37.0	Selenite enrichment brothc
Salmonella spp.	10−1—10−2	24	37.0	Hektoen or XLDf agarc
Anaerobic
Clostridium spp.	10−1—10−4	24	37.0	Sheep blood agar with 0.01% neomycin sulfatec
Clostridium difficile	10−1—10−2	24—48	37.0	C. difficile selective agarc
Fusobacterium spp.	10−1—10−2	24 + 48b	37.0	Egg yolk base-crystal violet-phenethylalcohol agarg
Microaerophillic
Campylobacter spp.	10−1—10−3	48 + 72b	37.0	Campylobacter selective agarc

^aTime at which bacterial growth was assessed.

^bRe-examined at 48 or 72 h.

^cManufactured by Becton Dickson, Oakville, Ontario.

^dManufactured by Oxoid MP 1750, Nepean, Ontario.

^eManufactured by Quelab Laboratories, Montreal, Quebec.

^fXylose lysine desoxycholate^greference 33.