Figure 1.

Overexpression of Bcl-2 protects against Bnip3-mediated loss of mitochondrial membrane potential but does not prevent induction of autophagy in HL-1 myocytes. HL-1 cells were cotransfected with pcDNA3.1 or Bnip3, and vector or Bcl-2 plus GFP-LC3 for 24 h. (a) The mitochondrial membrane potential was measured by TMRM fluorescence and (b) autophagy was determined by analyzing staining patterns of GFP-LC3. Cells were examined at × 60 magnification, and classified as cells with diffuse GFP-LC3 fluorescence, or as cells with numerous GFP-LC3 puncta (>30 dots/cell) representing autophagosomes. (c) Representative images of HL-1 cells. Data are mean ± S.D. (n=3, ^*,**P<0.05 compared with con and con+Bcl-2)