Table 1.

Alzheimer’s Disease Prevention Studies

Study	Inclusion Criteria	Age, yr	Sample size	Length	Outcomes	Status
ADAPT/ naproxen, celecoxib (Meinert et al., 2009)	First degree relative with AD	≥ 70	2528	5–7	AD, cognitive decline	Early termination
GEM/ ginkgo biloba (Snitz et al., 2009)	Asymptomatic 60%, MCI 40%	≥ 75	3072	5	AD, cognitive decline, cardiovascular	No significant effects
GUIDAGE/ ginkgo biloba (Vellas et al., 2006a)	Memory complaints	> 70	2600	4	AD	No significant effects
Physicians Health Study-II/ vitamin E, folate, β- carotene (Christen et al., 2000)	Asymptomatic	> 65	10,000	9	Telephone cognitive testing	Ongoing
Heart Protection Study/ vitamin E, C, β-carotene, simvastatin (Group, H.P.S.C. 2002a, b)	Asymptomatic with cardiovascular risk factors	40–80	20,536	5	AD, telephone interview for cognitive status (TICS)	No differences
PreADVISE/ selenium, vitamin E (Kryscio et al., 2004)	Asymptomatic, males only	≥ 60	10,400	9–12	Dementia onset, cognitive tests	Terminated
HERS/estrogen medroxyprogesterone (MPA) (Grady et al., 2002)	Asymptomatic, females	mean = 67	1060	4.2	Cognitive tests	Improvement on one test
WHI-MS/estrogen + MPA (Craig et al., 2005)	Asymptomatic, female	65–80	4532	4–5	AD and MCI, cognitive scores (add on)	Increased risk for MCI /AD, worse scores with HRT)
WHI-MS/estrogen alone (Craig et al., 2005)	Asymptomatic, female	65–80	2497	4–5	AD and MCI, cognitive scores (add on)	Increased risk for MCI /AD, worse scores with HRT)