Table 3. Bivariate Dual Change Score Model of Perceived Control and Health in the Americans' Changing Lives Study: Parameter Estimates for Nested Age-Group Zero-Order Model for Midlife and Old Age.
Parameter | Midlife (aged 25 – 64) | Old Age (aged 65 + years) | Loss of Model Fit | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Estimate | SE | Estimate | SE | Δ χ2/df | |
Fixed effects | 762.50 (6)* | ||||
Perceived control initial mean | 50.05* | 0.20 | 49.83* | 0.29 | |
Perceived control slope mean | 25.15* | 4.96 | 13.86 | 7.14 | |
Perceived control proportion | -0.47* | 0.09 | -0.21 | 0.18 | |
Health initial mean | 52.89* | 0.18 | 44.40* | 0.28 | |
Health slope mean | -8.25 | 4.47 | -27.90* | 9.62 | |
Health proportion | 0.25* | 0.03 | -0.03 | 0.11 | |
Random effects | 141.10 (4)* | ||||
Perceived control initial variance | 59.06* | 2.92 | 50.10* | 3.80 | |
Perceived control slope variance | 11.30 | 4.19 | 3.41 | 4.06 | |
Health initial variance | 53.75* | 2.02 | 64.15* | 4.06 | |
Health slope variance | 3.10* | 0.69 | 19.42 | 14.25 | |
Covariance | 81.39 (6)* | ||||
Perceived control initial ↔ slope | 19.84* | 4.24 | 11.43 | 8.15 | |
Health initial ↔ slope | -10.85* | 2.37 | -8.01 | 5.31 | |
Perceived control initial ↔ Health initial | 12.83* | 1.80 | 17.68* | 2.69 | |
Perceived control initial ↔ Health slope | 2.06 | 3.86 | -29.45* | 11.47 | |
Perceived control slope ↔ Health initial | 9.60* | 2.66 | 6.00 | 4.58 | |
Perceived control slope ↔ Health slope | -0.30 | 1.86 | -7.06 | 5.23 | |
Dynamics | 19.31 (2)* | ||||
γperceived control → health | -0.10 | 0.08 | 0.58* | 0.25 | |
γhealth → perceived control | -0.03 | 0.03 | -0.09 | 0.09 | |
Residual variance | |||||
Perceived control | 41.77* | 1.05 | 54.38* | 2.13 | |
Health | 24.55* | 0.60 | 39.00* | 1.75 |
Note. Midlife (aged 25 – 64, n = 2,364); Old Age (aged 65 + years, n = 1,238).
p < .05 or below.