Table 3.
Prevention level | Goal | Child-protective examples |
---|---|---|
Zero-order | Prevent the development of a hazard | Urban planning to reduce GHGs from vehicular traffic and increase pedestrian access, resulting in improved air quality and increased physical activity (Sheffield and Galvez 2009) |
Primary | Block interaction between hazard and human | Relocation of low-lying island populations facing increased risk of flooding, or distribution of mosquito nets |
Secondary | Prevent effects after exposure to the hazard | Activation of early warning systems before heat waves |
Tertiary | Reduce morbidity and mortality, avoid complications, and restore function | Postdisaster restoration of chronic care services |
Adapted from Frumkin et al. (2008) and St Louis and Hess (2008).