Table 2.

Correlations between studied parameters

	Age	Pack-years†	Log CdU (μg/l)	Log CdU (μg/g creatinine)	Log CrU (μg/l)	Log RBPU (μg/l)	Log RBPU (μg/g creatinine)	Log β2-mU (μg/l)	Log β2-mU (μg/l)>20
Age	–
Pack-years†	0.10*
Log CdU, μg/l	0.39***	0.15***
Log CdU, μg/g creatinine	0.52***	0.18***	0.88***
Log CrU, μg/l	−0.26***	0.06	0.25***	−0.24***
Log RBPU, μg/l	0.01	0.18***	0.37***	0.07	0.60***
Log RBPU, μg/g creatinine	0.24***	0.22***	0.23***	0.30***	−0.14***	0.71***
Log β2-mU, μg/l	0.02	0.15**	0.10*	0.07	0.05	0.36***	0.42***
Log β2-mU, μg/g creatinine	0.14**	0.16***	−0.03	0.18***	−0.45***	0.01	0.43***	0.87***
Log β2-mU>20 μg/l	0.03	0.18***	0.28***	0.15**	0.28***	0.59***	0.51***	–
Log β2-mU>20 μg/g creatinine	0.21***	0.19***	0.10*	0.30***	−0.42***	0.11*	0.55***	–	0.76***

r Values are Pearson's correlation coefficients.

*p<0.05; **p<0.01; ***p<0.001.

^†Indicates Spearman's rank correlation coefficients with number of pack-years.

β₂-mU, concentration of β₂-microglobulin in urine; CdU, concentration of cadmium in urine; CrU, concentration of creatinine in urine; RBPU, concentration of retinol-binding protein in urine.