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Schematic summary of how signal transduction by thrombin induces IL-8/CXCL8 expression in human lung epithelial cells. Thrombin-induced Rac1 activation may occur through the Gβγ subunit in A549 cells. Thrombin-induced activation of the Rac1/PI3K/Akt and PI-PLC/PKCα/c-Src cascades results in an increase in IKKα/β activation, which in turn induces NF-κB activation and ultimately causes IL-8/CXCL8 expression and release in A549 lung epithelial cells.
