Table 2.
Treatment, Complications, and Clinical Course of Case Patients Hospitalized with 2009 Pandemic Influenza A (H1N1)
| Characteristic | All case patients(n = 9966) | Patients with nonsevere cases(n= 6169) | Patients with severe illness |
||
| Subtotal(n= 3797) | Admitted to an ICU(n = 3014) | Death(n = 783) | |||
| Antiviral treatment | 7266 (76) | 3961 (67) | 3305 (89) | 2683 (90) | 622 (83) |
| Antiviral initiation time | |||||
| Median days (IQR) | 4 (2–6) | 4 (2–6) | 5 (2–7) | 4 (2–7) | 5 (3–7) |
| Started on symptom day 1–2 | 1155 (17) | 671 (19) | 484 (16) | 401 (16) | 83 (14) |
| Started on symptom day 3–4 | 1703 (26) | 1006 (28) | 697 (22) | 574 (23) | 123 (21) |
| Started on symptom day ≥5 | 3807 (57) | 1883 (53) | 1924 (62) | 1532 (61) | 392 (66) |
| Duration of oseltamivir treatment | |||||
| Median days (IQR) | 5 (3–6) | 5 (3–5) | 5 (2–7) | 5 (3–7) | 3 (2–7) |
| 1–4 days | 2296 (36) | 1158 (34) | 1138 (39) | 818 (35) | 320 (56) |
| 5 days | 2038 (32) | 1413 (41) | 625 (21) | 567 (24) | 58 (10) |
| ≥6 days | 2018 (32) | 842 (25) | 1176 (40) | 985 (42) | 191 (34) |
| Mechanical ventilation | 1961 (20) | 0 (0) | 1961 (52) | 1326 (44) | 635 (82) |
| Complications | |||||
| Pneumonia | 6682 (70) | 3198 (54) | 3484 (94) | 2761 (93) | 723 (97) |
| Respiratory failure | 2429 (25) | 0 (0) | 2429 (65) | 1724 (58) | 705 (93) |
| Acute respiratory distress syndrome | 1574 (17) | 0 (0) | 1574 (43) | 994 (34) | 580 (79) |
| Hepatic dysfunction | 1002 (11) | 184 (3) | 818 (23) | 511 (18) | 307 (43) |
| Cardiac failure | 892 (9) | 0 (0) | 892 (24) | 503 (17) | 389 (53) |
| Renal dysfunction | 590 (6) | 60 (1) | 530 (15) | 243 (8) | 287 (39) |
| Toxic shock syndrome | 430 (4) | 0 (0) | 430 (12) | 177 (6) | 253 (35) |
| Neurologic disorders | 393 (4) | 88 (1) | 305 (8) | 174 (6) | 131 (19) |
| Disseminated intravascular coagulation | 105 (1) | 3 (.1) | 102 (3) | 33 (1) | 69 (10) |
| Clinical course, median days (IQR) | |||||
| From illness onset to hospital admission | 3 (1–5) | 3 (1–5) | 4 (1–6) | 4 (1–6) | 4 (2–6) |
| Length of stay in ICU | 5 (2–10) | – | 5 (2–10) | 6 (2–10) | 4 (2–11) |
| Length of stay in hospital | 8 (6–13) | 7 (5–10) | 13 (8–19) | 13 (9–20) | 8 (2–15) |
| From illness onset to discharge or death | 12 (8–18) | 10 (7–15) | 16 (10–24) | 17 (12–25) | 11 (6–19) |
NOTE. Data are no. (%) of patients, unless otherwise indicated. Percentages may not total 100 because of rounding. All case patients who died had been admitted to an ICU. ICU, intensive care unit; IQR, interquartile range.