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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2012 Mar 1.
Published in final edited form as: Neurobiol Learn Mem. 2010 Dec 9;95(3):277–285. doi: 10.1016/j.nlm.2010.12.002

Figure 7.

Figure 7

Venn diagram representing overlapping and distinct hormonal and gene expression profiles for learners, non-learners, and fish that did not attempt the spatial task. All relationships were determined by logistic regressional analyses. In learners, the dorsolateral telencephalon (Dl) showed higher levels of bdnf and egr-1. In non-learners, the Dl had decreased levels of egr-1. In non-attempters, individuals demonstrated higher levels of cortisol and the dorsomedial telencephalon (Dm) demonstrated higher levels of egr-1. Both learners and non-learners exhibited decreased levels of cortisol, egr-1 in the Dm, and bdnf in the periaqueductal gray (PAG). Both non-learners and non-attempters showed decreased levels of bdnf in the Dl. Note that there are no characteristics shared between all three types learning types nor are there any shared characteristics between learning and non-attempting fish.