Table 1.
Acid–base data (mean ± SE) collected from 6 rabbits given saline, butorphanol, buprenorphine, midazolam, or their combinations
| Time after administration (min) |
|||||||||
| 0 | 30 | 60 | 90 | 120 | 180 | 240 | 360 | ||
| Saline | |||||||||
| pH | 7.37 ± 0.0 | 7.38 ± 0.03 | 7.40 ± 0.02 | 7.39 ± 0.01 | 7.40 ± 0.03 | 7.39 ± 0.04 | 7.40 ± 0.03 | 7.42 ± 0.01 | |
| HCO3– | 20.4 ± 1.8 | 21.5 ± 1.3 | 20.8 ± 2.0 | 21.1 ± 2.6 | 20.8 ± 2.5 | 19.8 ± 3.6 | 21.0 ± 4.0 | 22.6 ± 1.7 | |
| Base excess | −3.0 ± 1.8 | −2.0 ± 1.6 | −2.3 ± 2.0 | −2.1 ± 2.3 | −2.2 ± 2.1 | −3.3 ± 3.8 | −2.1 ± 3.8 | −0.3 ± 1.3 | |
| Butorphanol | |||||||||
| pH | 7.37 ± 0.04 | 7.41 ± 0.03a | 7.40 ± 0.02 | 7.42 ± 0.02a | 7.42 ± 0.01a | 7.42 ± 0.01a | 7.41 ± 0.02a | 7.42 ± 0.03a | |
| HCO3− | 19.8 ± 2.5 | 22.0 ± 3.8 | 22.4 ± 3.0 | 23.6 ± 1.1 | 23.9 ± 1.7 | 22.9 ± 2.0 | 21.8 ± 1.8 | 20.6 ± 3.3 | |
| Base excess | −3.5 ± 2.9 | −1.2 ± 3.7 | −0.8 ± 2.6 | −0.5 ± 2.6 | 0.88 ± 1.3 | −0.07 ± 1.6b | −1.2 ± 1.8 | −1.9 ± 2.7 | |
| Buprenorphine | |||||||||
| pH | 7.38 ± 0.05 | 7.37 ± 0.03 | 7.42 ± 0.09 | 7.39 ± 0.03 | 7.40 ± 0.02 | 7.4 ± 0.02 | 7.42 ± 0.03 | 7.47 ± 0.03 | |
| HCO3− | 19.4 ± 3.1 | 20.6 ± 2.6a | 25 ± 6.5a,b | 22.8 ± 1.7a | 23.8 ± 2.4a | 22.8 ± 1.8a | 23.4 ± 1.8a | 21.4 ± 2.6a | |
| Base excess | −4.1 ± 3.5 | −3.3 ± 2.1 | 1.6 ± 6.4 | −0.89 ± 1.5 | 0.06 ± 2.0 | −0.6 ± 1.5b | 0.16 ± 1.6 | −1.8 ± 2.3 | |
| Midazolam | |||||||||
| pH | 7.38 ± 0.03 | 7.41 ± 0.04 | 7.43 ± 0.03a | 7.44 ± 0.03a,b | 7.43 ± 0.03a | 7.41 ± 0.03 | 7.40 ± 0.04 | 7.38 ± 0.04 | |
| HCO3− | 19.4 ± 3.1 | 20.6 ± 2.6 | 25 ± 6.5 | 22.8 ± 1.7 | 23.8 ± 2.4 | 22.8 ± 1.8 | 23.4 ± 1.8 | 21.4 ± 2.6 | |
| Base excess | −2.0 ± 2.2 | 0.1 ± 1.9 | 1.1 ± 1.1 | 1.1 ± 3.0 | 0.5 ± 1.9 | 0.4 ± 1.6b | −2.0 ± 1.6 | −3.5 ± 1.5 | |
| Midazolam–butorphanol | |||||||||
| pH | 7.38 ± 0.03 | 7.40 ± 0.02 | 7.42 ± 0.01 | 7.43 ± 0.02 | 7.43 ± 0.01 | 7.45 ± 0.02b | 7.43 ± 0.06 | 7.42 ± 0.04b | |
| HCO3− | 20.7 ± 2.4 | 24.3 ± 1.2 | 24.9 ± 2.0a | 24.4 ± 2.8a | 25.6 ± 2.1a,b | 25.4 ± 3.0a,b | 24.9 ± 4.1a,b | 22.9 ± 2.8a | |
| Base excess | −2.8 ± 2.2 | 0.6 ± 1.0a | 1.4 ± 1.6a | 1.3 ± 2.0a | 2.0 ± 1.5a,b | 2.4 ± 2.5a,b | 1.5 ± 4.0a | −0.4 ± 2.9 | |
| Midazolam–buprenorphine | |||||||||
| pH | 7.38 ± 0.02 | 7.39 ± 0.02 | 7.40 ± 0.02 | 7.40 ± 0.01 | 7.43 ± 0.03 | 7.44 ± 0.02 | 7.44 ± 0.0a | 7.43 ± 0.02a | |
| HCO3− | 20.4 ± 1.2 | 22.5 ± 2.0 | 23.6 ± 2.6a | 24.8 ± 0.7a | 24.5 ± 1.0a,b | 26.4 ± 1.1a,b | 24.9 ± 1.4a,b | 24.5 ± 3.3 | |
| Base excess | −3.0 ± 1.3 | −1.2 ± 1.8 | −0.2 ± 2.0a | 0.8 ± 0.8a | 1.0 ± 1.4a | 2.6 ± 1.2a,b | 1.6 ± 1.2a | 1.4 ± 2.3a | |
a
Significantly (P < 0.05) different from baseline value.
b
Significantly (P < 0.05) different from value for saline.