Fig. 2.

Curcumin induces GFP-LC3 puncta formation and endogenous LC3 conversion, and degradation of autophagy substrates. GFP-LC3 expressing HCT116 cells were treated with the indicated concentrations of curcumin for 20 h. (A) GFP-LC3 puncta was observed under fluorescence microscope. (B) Total cell lysates were prepared and subjected to Western blot analysis to detect the level of GFP-LC3, endogenous LC3-II, and SQSTM1 proteins. GAPDH was used as a loading control. The data shown are representative of at least three independent experiments.