Table 3.

ML estimates for the average maternal proportion of susceptibles (${\overline{s}}_{\text{p}}$), the average maternal force of infection (${\overline{\lambda }}_{\text{p}}$), and the annual number of PVB19 infections (I_p) in pregnant women, the frequency of PVB19 infection in pregnancy (freq), and the annual number of fetal deaths due to PVB19 infection (FD), together with 95% bootstrap-based percentile CIs in square brackets. First entry: CW; second entry (if available): AW with cut off H = 35 years

Country	Model	Waning	${\hat{\overline{s}}}_{\text{p}}$		${\hat{\overline{\lambda }}}_{\text{p}}$		${\hat{I}}_{\text{p}}$		Freq		FD
BE	MSIR		0.27	[0.23, 0.30]	0.034	[0.028, 0.039]	797	[656, 905]	1 in 143	[126, 174]	31	[25, 35]
	MSIRW	CW	0.17	[0.12, 0.21]	0.046	[0.036, 0.057]	677	[552, 777]	1 in 168	[147, 207]	26	[21, 30]
		AW	0.14	[0.10, 0.17]	0.051	[0.040, 0.062]	622	[509, 721]	1 in 183	[158, 224]	24	[20, 28]
	MSIRWb	CW	0.15	[0.11, 0.19]	0.048	[0.038, 0.060]	652	[526, 760]	1 in 175	[150, 217]	25	[20, 29]
		AW	0.13	[0.09, 0.16]	0.054	[0.042, 0.066]	595	[479, 701]	1 in 192	[163, 238]	23	[18, 27]
	MSIRWb-ext	CW	0.15	[0.11, 0.20]	0.048	[0.038, 0.060]	653	[525, 762]	1 in 175	[150, 217]	25	[20, 29]
		AW	0.12	[0.09, 0.16]	0.054	[0.042, 0.067]	587	[473, 684]	1 in 194	[167, 241]	23	[18, 26]
	MSIRS	CW	0.24	[0.21, 0.27]	0.059	[0.042, 0.082]	1256	[915, 1703]	1 in 91	[67, 125]	48	[35, 66]
		AW	0.29	[0.26, 0.33]	0.077	[0.057, 0.107]	1990	[1431, 2825]	1 in 57	[40, 80]	77	[55, 109]
	MSIRS-ext	CW	0.25	[0.21, 0.27]	0.050	[0.038, 0.145]	1091	[839, 2889]	1 in 105	[39, 136]	42	[32, 111]
EW	MSIR		0.38	[0.35, 0.41]	0.018	[0.015, 0.020]	3373	[2874, 3659]	1 in 192	[177, 226]	130	[111, 141]
	MSIRW	CW	0.32	[0.28, 0.36]	0.021	[0.017, 0.024]	3365	[2867, 3655]	1 in 193	[178, 226]	130	[110, 141]
		AW	0.27	[0.23, 0.32]	0.025	[0.019, 0.028]	3277	[2814, 3580]	1 in 198	[181, 231]	126	[108, 138]
	MSIRWb	CW	0.31	[0.27, 0.36]	0.022	[0.017, 0.025]	3358	[2861, 3649]	1 in 193	[178, 227]	129	[110, 140]
		AW	0.23	[0.19, 0.29]	0.027	[0.020, 0.032]	3181	[2743, 3499]	1 in 204	[186, 237]	122	[106, 135]
	MSIRWb-ext	CW	0.31	[0.27, 0.36]	0.022	[0.017, 0.025]	3354	[2865, 3647]	1 in 194	[178, 227]	129	[110, 140]
		AW	0.23	[0.19, 0.28]	0.028	[0.021, 0.032]	3172	[2741, 3488]	1 in 205	[186, 237]	122	[106, 134]
	MSIRS	CW	0.35	[0.33, 0.38]	0.022	[0.017, 0.026]	3919	[3113, 4469]	1 in 166	[145, 208]	151	[120, 172]
		AW	0.39	[0.36, 0.43]	0.031	[0.023, 0.038]	6156	[4187, 7603]	1 in 105	[85, 155]	237	[161, 293]
	MSIRS-ext	CW	0.36	[0.33, 0.38]	0.022	[0.017, 0.031]	3845	[3140, 5333]	1 in 169	[122, 207]	148	[121, 205]
FI	MSIR		0.43	[0.39, 0.45]	0.014	[0.011, 0.016]	260	[200, 289]	1 in 220	[197, 285]	10	[8, 11]
	MSIRW(b)	CW	0.43	[0.39, 0.45]	0.014	[0.011, 0.016]	260	[200, 290]	1 in 220	[197, 285]	10	[8, 11]
	MSIRS	CW	0.43	[0.39, 0.45]	0.014	[0.011, 0.016]	260	[201, 294]	1 in 220	[194, 284]	10	[8, 11]
IT	MSIR		0.38	[0.36, 0.41]	0.010	[0.007, 0.011]	1590	[1277, 1764]	1 in 354	[319, 440]	61	[49, 68]
	MSIRW	CW	0.32	[0.28, 0.37]	0.012	[0.009, 0.014]	1594	[1282, 1782]	1 in 353	[316, 439]	61	[49, 69]
		AW	0.29	[0.25, 0.36]	0.013	[0.009, 0.014]	1583	[1278, 1778]	1 in 355	[316, 440]	61	[49, 68]
	MSIRWb	CW	0.31	[0.27, 0.37]	0.012	[0.009, 0.014]	1591	[1282, 1781]	1 in 354	[316, 439]	61	[49, 69]
		AW	0.28	[0.24, 0.36]	0.013	[0.009, 0.015]	1577	[1269, 1776]	1 in 357	[317, 443]	61	[49, 68]
	MSIRS	CW	0.36	[0.34, 0.39]	0.013	[0.009, 0.015]	1957	[1452, 2294]	1 in 288	[245, 387]	75	[56, 88]
		AW	0.38	[0.34, 0.42]	0.014	[0.010, 0.018]	2356	[1509, 3019]	1 in 238	[186, 373]	91	[58, 116]
	MSIRS-ext	CW	0.36	[0.34, 0.39]	0.012	[0.009, 0.015]	1888	[1443, 2387]	1 in 298	[236, 390]	73	[56, 92]
PL	MSIR		0.31	[0.28, 0.33]	0.024	[0.019, 0.028]	2208	[1753, 2577]	1 in 173	[148, 218]	85	[67, 99]
	MSIRW(b)	CW	0.31	[0.28, 0.33]	0.024	[0.019, 0.028]	2208	[1753, 2569]	1 in 173	[149, 218]	85	[67, 99]
	MSIRW	AW	0.29	[0.25, 0.32]	0.025	[0.019, 0.030]	2147	[1726, 2469]	1 in 178	[155, 221]	83	[66, 95]
	MSIRWb	AW	0.21	[0.16, 0.29]	0.030	[0.021, 0.037]	1854	[1470, 2225]	1 in 206	[172, 260]	71	[57, 86]
	MSIRWb-ext	AW	0.21	[0.17, 0.26]	0.030	[0.023, 0.036]	1832	[1477, 2192]	1 in 208	[174, 259]	71	[57, 84]
	MSIRS	CW	0.31	[0.28, 0.33]	0.024	[0.019, 0.028]	2208	[1753, 2586]	1 in 173	[148, 218]	85	[67, 100]
		AW	0.38	[0.32, 0.42]	0.065	[0.036, 0.100]	7277	[3386, 12305]	1 in 52	[31, 113]	280	[130, 474]